Triple

T3113196

Position	Surface form	Disambiguated ID	Type / Status
Subject	Jan Smuts	`E64997`	entity
Predicate	notableWork	`P4`	FINISHED
Object	Holism and Evolution "Holism and Evolution" is a 1926 philosophical work by Jan Smuts that introduced and developed the concept of holism, arguing that wholes are more than the sum of their parts in both nature and evolution.	`E327636`	NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini

Instruction

Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).

Input

Phrase: Holism and Evolution | Statement: [Jan Smuts, notableWork, Holism and Evolution]

NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07

Target entity: Holism and Evolution
Context triple: [Jan Smuts, notableWork, Holism and Evolution]

A. The Growth of Biological Thought
The Growth of Biological Thought is a landmark 1982 book by evolutionary biologist Ernst Mayr that traces the historical development and conceptual foundations of modern biology, especially evolutionary theory and systematics.
B. Bergsonianism
Bergsonianism is a philosophical movement based on Henri Bergson’s ideas about intuition, duration, and creative evolution, which significantly influenced thinkers such as Georges Sorel.
C. Slanted Truths: Essays on Gaia, Symbiosis, and Evolution
Slanted Truths: Essays on Gaia, Symbiosis, and Evolution is a collection of scientific and philosophical essays exploring Gaia theory, symbiosis, and evolutionary biology, co-authored by Dorion Sagan and his mother, biologist Lynn Margulis.
D. The Meaning of Evolution
The Meaning of Evolution is a landmark 1949 book by paleontologist George Gaylord Simpson that helped synthesize evolutionary theory with the fossil record and popularize modern evolutionary biology.
E. Searching for Order in the Complexity of Evolving Worlds
"Searching for Order in the Complexity of Evolving Worlds" is the guiding motto of the Santa Fe Institute, reflecting its focus on understanding complex adaptive systems across disciplines.
F. None of above. chosen
G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.

NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1

Instruction

Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"

Input

Entity: Holism and Evolution
Triple: [Jan Smuts, notableWork, Holism and Evolution]

Generated description

"Holism and Evolution" is a 1926 philosophical work by Jan Smuts that introduced and developed the concept of holism, arguing that wholes are more than the sum of their parts in both nature and evolution.

NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07

Target entity: Holism and Evolution
Target entity description: "Holism and Evolution" is a 1926 philosophical work by Jan Smuts that introduced and developed the concept of holism, arguing that wholes are more than the sum of their parts in both nature and evolution.

A. The Growth of Biological Thought
The Growth of Biological Thought is a landmark 1982 book by evolutionary biologist Ernst Mayr that traces the historical development and conceptual foundations of modern biology, especially evolutionary theory and systematics.
B. Bergsonianism
Bergsonianism is a philosophical movement based on Henri Bergson’s ideas about intuition, duration, and creative evolution, which significantly influenced thinkers such as Georges Sorel.
C. Slanted Truths: Essays on Gaia, Symbiosis, and Evolution
Slanted Truths: Essays on Gaia, Symbiosis, and Evolution is a collection of scientific and philosophical essays exploring Gaia theory, symbiosis, and evolutionary biology, co-authored by Dorion Sagan and his mother, biologist Lynn Margulis.
D. The Meaning of Evolution
The Meaning of Evolution is a landmark 1949 book by paleontologist George Gaylord Simpson that helped synthesize evolutionary theory with the fossil record and popularize modern evolutionary biology.
E. Searching for Order in the Complexity of Evolving Worlds
"Searching for Order in the Complexity of Evolving Worlds" is the guiding motto of the Santa Fe Institute, reflecting its focus on understanding complex adaptive systems across disciplines.
F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step	Stage	Batch ID	Status	When
creating	Elicitation	`batch_69ad857fcc088190b0c4d45a5cde6f61`	completed	March 8, 2026, 2:19 p.m.
NER	Named-entity recognition	`batch_69ada43c79448190aa72f707319e8c5e`	completed	March 8, 2026, 4:30 p.m.
NED1	Entity disambiguation (via context triple)	`batch_69b20397cbdc8190abdd93b502f9577f`	completed	March 12, 2026, 12:06 a.m.
NEDg	Description generation	`batch_69b204a8c5348190a2cb102b08fd6fa5`	completed	March 12, 2026, 12:11 a.m.
NED2	Entity disambiguation (via description)	`batch_69b205bdf5c881908bc6ef7c3c30df65`	completed	March 12, 2026, 12:15 a.m.

Created at: March 8, 2026, 3:04 p.m.