Triple
T2958652
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | Eugene Garfield |
E79992
|
entity |
| Predicate | notableWork |
P4
|
FINISHED |
| Object |
Essays of an Information Scientist
Essays of an Information Scientist is a multi-volume collection of influential articles by Eugene Garfield that helped shape the fields of bibliometrics, citation analysis, and the evaluation of scientific literature.
|
E313365
|
NE FINISHED |
How this triple was built (4 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Essays of an Information Scientist | Statement: [Eugene Garfield, notableWork, Essays of an Information Scientist]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Essays of an Information Scientist Context triple: [Eugene Garfield, notableWork, Essays of an Information Scientist]
-
A.
Wholly New Forms of Encyclopedias
"Wholly New Forms of Encyclopedias" is a section of Vannevar Bush’s essay "As We May Think" that envisions future, highly interconnected and dynamically organized knowledge systems beyond traditional printed encyclopedias.
-
B.
ACM International Conference on Digital Libraries
The ACM International Conference on Digital Libraries is a leading research conference focused on the theory, implementation, and evaluation of digital library technologies, systems, and services.
-
C.
Power in the Global Information Age
"Power in the Global Information Age" is a book by political scientist Joseph S. Nye Jr. that analyzes how information technologies are transforming the nature and distribution of power in international relations.
-
D.
Book Citation Index
Book Citation Index is a scholarly database within the Web of Science platform that indexes and tracks citation data for academic books and book chapters across disciplines.
-
E.
Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records
Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records (FRBR) is a conceptual model developed by the International Federation of Library Associations to define user-focused tasks and relationships for bibliographic records in library catalogs.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg
Description generation
gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. # Instructions Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential. # Response Format Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Essays of an Information Scientist Triple: [Eugene Garfield, notableWork, Essays of an Information Scientist]
Generated description
Essays of an Information Scientist is a multi-volume collection of influential articles by Eugene Garfield that helped shape the fields of bibliometrics, citation analysis, and the evaluation of scientific literature.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Essays of an Information Scientist Target entity description: Essays of an Information Scientist is a multi-volume collection of influential articles by Eugene Garfield that helped shape the fields of bibliometrics, citation analysis, and the evaluation of scientific literature.
-
A.
Wholly New Forms of Encyclopedias
"Wholly New Forms of Encyclopedias" is a section of Vannevar Bush’s essay "As We May Think" that envisions future, highly interconnected and dynamically organized knowledge systems beyond traditional printed encyclopedias.
-
B.
ACM International Conference on Digital Libraries
The ACM International Conference on Digital Libraries is a leading research conference focused on the theory, implementation, and evaluation of digital library technologies, systems, and services.
-
C.
Power in the Global Information Age
"Power in the Global Information Age" is a book by political scientist Joseph S. Nye Jr. that analyzes how information technologies are transforming the nature and distribution of power in international relations.
-
D.
Book Citation Index
Book Citation Index is a scholarly database within the Web of Science platform that indexes and tracks citation data for academic books and book chapters across disciplines.
-
E.
Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records
Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records (FRBR) is a conceptual model developed by the International Federation of Library Associations to define user-focused tasks and relationships for bibliographic records in library catalogs.
- F. None of above. chosen
Provenance (5 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69ad8b1341848190bd19dbf46892887d |
completed | March 8, 2026, 2:43 p.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69ad992c4c7c819084b5bef299255181 |
completed | March 8, 2026, 3:43 p.m. |
| NED1 | Entity disambiguation (via context triple) | batch_69b0fc8df3f481908ba71ab72e68938e |
completed | March 11, 2026, 5:24 a.m. |
| NEDg | Description generation | batch_69b0fd174d3c8190b57a98ba324ce93c |
completed | March 11, 2026, 5:26 a.m. |
| NED2 | Entity disambiguation (via description) | batch_69b0fda9e3e08190a765ebd814de8466 |
completed | March 11, 2026, 5:29 a.m. |
Created at: March 8, 2026, 2:57 p.m.