Triple

T2931374
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Islamic astronomy E78962 entity
Predicate hasKeyText P7166 FINISHED
Object Al-Farghani's Elements of Astronomy
Al-Farghani's Elements of Astronomy is a foundational 9th-century Arabic treatise that systematically summarizes and explains Ptolemaic astronomy and became highly influential in both the Islamic world and medieval Europe.
E313239 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Al-Farghani's Elements of Astronomy | Statement: [Islamic astronomy, hasKeyText, Al-Farghani's Elements of Astronomy]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Al-Farghani's Elements of Astronomy
Context triple: [Islamic astronomy, hasKeyText, Al-Farghani's Elements of Astronomy]
  • A. Al-Battani's Zij al-Sabi
    Al-Battani's Zij al-Sabi is a seminal medieval astronomical handbook that refined Ptolemaic models and provided highly accurate planetary and solar tables widely used in the Islamic world and later in Europe.
  • B. Treatise on Astronomy
    Treatise on Astronomy is a 19th-century textbook by American mathematician and astronomer Elias Loomis that systematically presents the fundamental principles and observations of astronomy for students and general readers.
  • C. Al-Sufi's Book of Fixed Stars
    Al-Sufi's Book of Fixed Stars is a 10th-century astronomical treatise that systematically revised and illustrated Ptolemy’s star catalog, becoming a foundational work in medieval Islamic and later European astronomy.
  • D. Almagest
    The Almagest is an influential 2nd-century astronomical treatise by Claudius Ptolemy that systematically presents the geocentric model of the cosmos and provides mathematical tools for predicting planetary motions.
  • E. Al-Khwarizmi's Al-jabr wa-l-muqabala
    Al-Khwarizmi's *Al-jabr wa-l-muqabala* is a foundational 9th-century mathematical treatise that systematically introduced and developed algebra as an independent discipline.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Al-Farghani's Elements of Astronomy
Triple: [Islamic astronomy, hasKeyText, Al-Farghani's Elements of Astronomy]
Generated description
Al-Farghani's Elements of Astronomy is a foundational 9th-century Arabic treatise that systematically summarizes and explains Ptolemaic astronomy and became highly influential in both the Islamic world and medieval Europe.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Al-Farghani's Elements of Astronomy
Target entity description: Al-Farghani's Elements of Astronomy is a foundational 9th-century Arabic treatise that systematically summarizes and explains Ptolemaic astronomy and became highly influential in both the Islamic world and medieval Europe.
  • A. Al-Battani's Zij al-Sabi
    Al-Battani's Zij al-Sabi is a seminal medieval astronomical handbook that refined Ptolemaic models and provided highly accurate planetary and solar tables widely used in the Islamic world and later in Europe.
  • B. Treatise on Astronomy
    Treatise on Astronomy is a 19th-century textbook by American mathematician and astronomer Elias Loomis that systematically presents the fundamental principles and observations of astronomy for students and general readers.
  • C. Al-Sufi's Book of Fixed Stars
    Al-Sufi's Book of Fixed Stars is a 10th-century astronomical treatise that systematically revised and illustrated Ptolemy’s star catalog, becoming a foundational work in medieval Islamic and later European astronomy.
  • D. Almagest
    The Almagest is an influential 2nd-century astronomical treatise by Claudius Ptolemy that systematically presents the geocentric model of the cosmos and provides mathematical tools for predicting planetary motions.
  • E. Al-Khwarizmi's Al-jabr wa-l-muqabala
    Al-Khwarizmi's *Al-jabr wa-l-muqabala* is a foundational 9th-century mathematical treatise that systematically introduced and developed algebra as an independent discipline.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69ad8b0d40b481908bc2a5fa2e73c3fb completed March 8, 2026, 2:43 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69ad980368e48190a50b59917af4786a completed March 8, 2026, 3:38 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69b0fc67bea881908bfd8122e2a632f8 completed March 11, 2026, 5:23 a.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69b0fd4ec8c48190ad6cfd2b2b2c5425 completed March 11, 2026, 5:27 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69b0fda9e3e08190a765ebd814de8466 completed March 11, 2026, 5:29 a.m.
Created at: March 8, 2026, 2:55 p.m.