Triple

T2923779
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Lugdunum E78794 entity
Predicate notableEvent P259 FINISHED
Object Battle of Lugdunum 197 AD
The Battle of Lugdunum in 197 AD was a decisive clash during the Roman civil wars in which Emperor Septimius Severus defeated the usurper Clodius Albinus near the city of Lugdunum (modern Lyon), securing his control over the Roman Empire.
E309558 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Battle of Lugdunum 197 AD | Statement: [Lugdunum, notableEvent, Battle of Lugdunum 197 AD]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Battle of Lugdunum 197 AD
Context triple: [Lugdunum, notableEvent, Battle of Lugdunum 197 AD]
  • A. Battle of Mediolanum (259)
    The Battle of Mediolanum (259) was a major Roman victory under Emperor Gallienus against invading Alemanni forces near Milan, helping to temporarily secure northern Italy during the Crisis of the Third Century.
  • B. Battle of Strasbourg (357)
    The Battle of Strasbourg (357) was a major late Roman victory under Emperor Julian against the Alemanni that temporarily secured the Rhine frontier.
  • C. Battle of Carnuntum
    The Battle of Carnuntum was a major clash between Roman forces and Germanic tribes during the Marcomannic Wars, fought near the important Roman military and administrative center of Carnuntum on the Danube frontier.
  • D. Battle of Aquae Sextiae
    The Battle of Aquae Sextiae was a decisive 102 BC clash in which the Roman general Gaius Marius annihilated the Teutones in southern Gaul, securing Rome from the Cimbrian threat and cementing his military reputation.
  • E. Battle of Turin (312)
    The Battle of Turin (312) was a key engagement in Constantine the Great’s Italian campaign against Maxentius, contributing to Constantine’s advance toward Rome and eventual victory at the Battle of the Milvian Bridge.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Battle of Lugdunum 197 AD
Triple: [Lugdunum, notableEvent, Battle of Lugdunum 197 AD]
Generated description
The Battle of Lugdunum in 197 AD was a decisive clash during the Roman civil wars in which Emperor Septimius Severus defeated the usurper Clodius Albinus near the city of Lugdunum (modern Lyon), securing his control over the Roman Empire.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Battle of Lugdunum 197 AD
Target entity description: The Battle of Lugdunum in 197 AD was a decisive clash during the Roman civil wars in which Emperor Septimius Severus defeated the usurper Clodius Albinus near the city of Lugdunum (modern Lyon), securing his control over the Roman Empire.
  • A. Battle of Mediolanum (259)
    The Battle of Mediolanum (259) was a major Roman victory under Emperor Gallienus against invading Alemanni forces near Milan, helping to temporarily secure northern Italy during the Crisis of the Third Century.
  • B. Battle of Strasbourg (357)
    The Battle of Strasbourg (357) was a major late Roman victory under Emperor Julian against the Alemanni that temporarily secured the Rhine frontier.
  • C. Battle of Carnuntum
    The Battle of Carnuntum was a major clash between Roman forces and Germanic tribes during the Marcomannic Wars, fought near the important Roman military and administrative center of Carnuntum on the Danube frontier.
  • D. Battle of Aquae Sextiae
    The Battle of Aquae Sextiae was a decisive 102 BC clash in which the Roman general Gaius Marius annihilated the Teutones in southern Gaul, securing Rome from the Cimbrian threat and cementing his military reputation.
  • E. Battle of Turin (312)
    The Battle of Turin (312) was a key engagement in Constantine the Great’s Italian campaign against Maxentius, contributing to Constantine’s advance toward Rome and eventual victory at the Battle of the Milvian Bridge.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69ad8b0d40b481908bc2a5fa2e73c3fb completed March 8, 2026, 2:43 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69ad97bf2df88190bd4f1e90d4656507 completed March 8, 2026, 3:37 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69b056375b5c819081c7d4fd506cbf25 completed March 10, 2026, 5:34 p.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69b05f640afc8190bf9b5b90ff7c9b0e completed March 10, 2026, 6:13 p.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69b06010c1948190a2e13084a79b106b completed March 10, 2026, 6:16 p.m.
Created at: March 8, 2026, 2:55 p.m.