Triple

T2844308
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Amnon Yariv E62545 entity
Predicate notableWork P4 FINISHED
Object textbook "Photonics"
The textbook "Photonics" is a foundational and widely used graduate-level text that systematically covers the theory and applications of optical electronics and photonic devices.
 E304048 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: textbook "Photonics" | Statement: [Amnon Yariv, notableWork, textbook "Photonics"]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07 
Target entity: textbook "Photonics"
Context triple: [Amnon Yariv, notableWork, textbook "Photonics"]
  • A. Principles of Optics
    Principles of Optics is a seminal textbook that rigorously develops the theory of electromagnetic waves and optical phenomena, profoundly shaping modern physical optics.
  • B. Photonics Research
    Photonics Research is a peer-reviewed scientific journal focusing on cutting-edge research in photonics, optics, and related technologies.
  • C. IEEE Photonics Technology Letters
    IEEE Photonics Technology Letters is a peer-reviewed scientific journal focusing on rapid publication of short papers in the fields of photonics and optoelectronics.
  • D. textbook "Geometrical Methods of Mathematical Physics"
    "Geometrical Methods of Mathematical Physics" is a widely used advanced textbook that introduces the differential geometric foundations underlying modern theoretical physics, including topics such as manifolds, tensors, and symmetries.
  • E. Newtonian optics
    Newtonian optics is the branch of physics developed by Isaac Newton that explains light primarily as a stream of particles to account for reflection, refraction, and color phenomena.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: textbook "Photonics"
Triple: [Amnon Yariv, notableWork, textbook "Photonics"]
Generated description
The textbook "Photonics" is a foundational and widely used graduate-level text that systematically covers the theory and applications of optical electronics and photonic devices.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07 
Target entity: textbook "Photonics"
Target entity description: The textbook "Photonics" is a foundational and widely used graduate-level text that systematically covers the theory and applications of optical electronics and photonic devices.
  • A. Principles of Optics
    Principles of Optics is a seminal textbook that rigorously develops the theory of electromagnetic waves and optical phenomena, profoundly shaping modern physical optics.
  • B. Photonics Research
    Photonics Research is a peer-reviewed scientific journal focusing on cutting-edge research in photonics, optics, and related technologies.
  • C. IEEE Photonics Technology Letters
    IEEE Photonics Technology Letters is a peer-reviewed scientific journal focusing on rapid publication of short papers in the fields of photonics and optoelectronics.
  • D. textbook "Geometrical Methods of Mathematical Physics"
    "Geometrical Methods of Mathematical Physics" is a widely used advanced textbook that introduces the differential geometric foundations underlying modern theoretical physics, including topics such as manifolds, tensors, and symmetries.
  • E. Newtonian optics
    Newtonian optics is the branch of physics developed by Isaac Newton that explains light primarily as a stream of particles to account for reflection, refraction, and color phenomena.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69ab4c3d16bc81908b3a1c98fbd287fe completed March 6, 2026, 9:50 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69abdf1a07508190be35fe85733ddeed completed March 7, 2026, 8:17 a.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69afe8d850b481909850ff5e89021824 completed March 10, 2026, 9:48 a.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69afe990ce088190b42b20037c1eef3f completed March 10, 2026, 9:51 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69b00d04f42081909d59e1ad1bec6c34 completed March 10, 2026, 12:22 p.m.
Created at: March 6, 2026, 10:02 p.m.