Triple

T2690786
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Vera Rubin E58395 entity
Predicate knownFor P22 FINISHED
Object Rubin–Ford effect
The Rubin–Ford effect is an observed large-scale motion of galaxies relative to the cosmic microwave background that provided early evidence for peculiar velocities and inhomogeneities in the universe’s expansion.
E290149 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Rubin–Ford effect | Statement: [Vera Rubin, knownFor, Rubin–Ford effect]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Rubin–Ford effect
Context triple: [Vera Rubin, knownFor, Rubin–Ford effect]
  • A. Ehrenstein
    Ehrenstein is a locality or district that forms part of the municipality of Blaustein in the state of Baden-Württemberg, Germany.
  • B. Aitken’s Law
    Aitken’s Law is a phonological rule in Scots and Scottish English that governs when vowels are pronounced long or short depending on their phonetic and morphological environment.
  • C. Loewenstein
    Loewenstein is a surname of German origin associated with various notable individuals in fields such as science, politics, and the arts.
  • D. Farrer hypothesis
    The Farrer hypothesis is a theory of New Testament source criticism that proposes the Gospel of Mark was written first, Matthew used Mark, and Luke used both Mark and Matthew, thereby dispensing with the need for a separate Q source.
  • E. Lusser's law
    Lusser's law is a reliability engineering principle that states the overall reliability of a system is the product of the reliabilities of its individual components, highlighting how system reliability decreases as more components are added in series.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Rubin–Ford effect
Triple: [Vera Rubin, knownFor, Rubin–Ford effect]
Generated description
The Rubin–Ford effect is an observed large-scale motion of galaxies relative to the cosmic microwave background that provided early evidence for peculiar velocities and inhomogeneities in the universe’s expansion.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Rubin–Ford effect
Target entity description: The Rubin–Ford effect is an observed large-scale motion of galaxies relative to the cosmic microwave background that provided early evidence for peculiar velocities and inhomogeneities in the universe’s expansion.
  • A. Ehrenstein
    Ehrenstein is a locality or district that forms part of the municipality of Blaustein in the state of Baden-Württemberg, Germany.
  • B. Aitken’s Law
    Aitken’s Law is a phonological rule in Scots and Scottish English that governs when vowels are pronounced long or short depending on their phonetic and morphological environment.
  • C. Loewenstein
    Loewenstein is a surname of German origin associated with various notable individuals in fields such as science, politics, and the arts.
  • D. Farrer hypothesis
    The Farrer hypothesis is a theory of New Testament source criticism that proposes the Gospel of Mark was written first, Matthew used Mark, and Luke used both Mark and Matthew, thereby dispensing with the need for a separate Q source.
  • E. Lusser's law
    Lusser's law is a reliability engineering principle that states the overall reliability of a system is the product of the reliabilities of its individual components, highlighting how system reliability decreases as more components are added in series.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69ab4ac269e481909cb317d79e68b75b completed March 6, 2026, 9:44 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69abda0cb9b48190ab354c277cef9e23 completed March 7, 2026, 7:55 a.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69afaf61b83c8190ab254d927cb908f2 completed March 10, 2026, 5:42 a.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69afb002b86881909401e1bec24b76bf completed March 10, 2026, 5:45 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69afb0e906f88190b182cbfe81122eed completed March 10, 2026, 5:49 a.m.
Created at: March 6, 2026, 9:54 p.m.