Triple

T26813
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject John Bardeen E537 entity
Predicate knownFor P22 FINISHED
Object BCS theory of superconductivity
The BCS theory of superconductivity is a fundamental microscopic theory that explains superconductivity through the formation of Cooper pairs of electrons and their collective quantum behavior in a solid.
E2026 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: BCS theory of superconductivity | Statement: [John Bardeen, knownFor, BCS theory of superconductivity]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: BCS theory of superconductivity
Context triple: [John Bardeen, knownFor, BCS theory of superconductivity]
  • A. Science, The Endless Frontier
    Science, The Endless Frontier is a landmark 1945 report by Vannevar Bush that laid the foundation for U.S. federal support of scientific research and the modern science policy framework.
  • B. John Bardeen
    John Bardeen was an American physicist and electrical engineer, uniquely renowned for being the only person to win the Nobel Prize in Physics twice for his work on the transistor and superconductivity.
  • C. Oppenheimer–Phillips process
    The Oppenheimer–Phillips process is a nuclear reaction mechanism in which a deuteron interacting with a target nucleus effectively transfers its neutron while the proton is repelled, enabling certain reactions to occur at lower energies than would otherwise be required.
  • D. N8 Research Partnership
    N8 Research Partnership is a collaboration of eight research-intensive universities in Northern England focused on advancing world-class research, innovation, and economic growth.
  • E. Oppenheimer–Snyder model
    The Oppenheimer–Snyder model is a pioneering theoretical description of gravitational collapse in general relativity, providing one of the first rigorous treatments of how a massive star can form a black hole.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: BCS theory of superconductivity
Triple: [John Bardeen, knownFor, BCS theory of superconductivity]
Generated description
The BCS theory of superconductivity is a fundamental microscopic theory that explains superconductivity through the formation of Cooper pairs of electrons and their collective quantum behavior in a solid.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: BCS theory of superconductivity
Target entity description: The BCS theory of superconductivity is a fundamental microscopic theory that explains superconductivity through the formation of Cooper pairs of electrons and their collective quantum behavior in a solid.
  • A. Bose–Einstein statistics
    Bose–Einstein statistics is a quantum statistical framework that describes the distribution and collective behavior of indistinguishable bosons, underpinning phenomena such as Bose–Einstein condensation.
  • B. Feynman Lectures on Physics
    Feynman Lectures on Physics is a renowned three-volume introductory physics textbook based on Richard Feynman’s legendary Caltech lectures, celebrated for its clarity, depth, and engaging style.
  • C. Physical Review
    Physical Review is a leading peer-reviewed scientific journal series covering research across all areas of physics.
  • D. Science, The Endless Frontier
    Science, The Endless Frontier is a landmark 1945 report by Vannevar Bush that laid the foundation for U.S. federal support of scientific research and the modern science policy framework.
  • E. John Bardeen
    John Bardeen was an American physicist and electrical engineer, uniquely renowned for being the only person to win the Nobel Prize in Physics twice for his work on the transistor and superconductivity.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69a243b4ac2c8190b93c303df797b7b2 completed Feb. 28, 2026, 1:24 a.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69a246776cf48190aca9855cb07e8d89 completed Feb. 28, 2026, 1:35 a.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69a248e88e588190a704e7b83d3dc07c completed Feb. 28, 2026, 1:46 a.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69a24c29bf64819087a7b51e8a94c278 completed Feb. 28, 2026, 2 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69a24cb52c9c8190a27dcb969b989649 completed Feb. 28, 2026, 2:02 a.m.
Created at: Feb. 28, 2026, 1:34 a.m.