Triple
T26813
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | John Bardeen |
E537
|
entity |
| Predicate | knownFor |
P22
|
FINISHED |
| Object |
BCS theory of superconductivity
The BCS theory of superconductivity is a fundamental microscopic theory that explains superconductivity through the formation of Cooper pairs of electrons and their collective quantum behavior in a solid.
|
E2026
|
NE FINISHED |
How this triple was built (4 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: BCS theory of superconductivity | Statement: [John Bardeen, knownFor, BCS theory of superconductivity]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: BCS theory of superconductivity Context triple: [John Bardeen, knownFor, BCS theory of superconductivity]
-
A.
Science, The Endless Frontier
Science, The Endless Frontier is a landmark 1945 report by Vannevar Bush that laid the foundation for U.S. federal support of scientific research and the modern science policy framework.
-
B.
John Bardeen
John Bardeen was an American physicist and electrical engineer, uniquely renowned for being the only person to win the Nobel Prize in Physics twice for his work on the transistor and superconductivity.
-
C.
Oppenheimer–Phillips process
The Oppenheimer–Phillips process is a nuclear reaction mechanism in which a deuteron interacting with a target nucleus effectively transfers its neutron while the proton is repelled, enabling certain reactions to occur at lower energies than would otherwise be required.
-
D.
N8 Research Partnership
N8 Research Partnership is a collaboration of eight research-intensive universities in Northern England focused on advancing world-class research, innovation, and economic growth.
-
E.
Oppenheimer–Snyder model
The Oppenheimer–Snyder model is a pioneering theoretical description of gravitational collapse in general relativity, providing one of the first rigorous treatments of how a massive star can form a black hole.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg
Description generation
gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. # Instructions Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential. # Response Format Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: BCS theory of superconductivity Triple: [John Bardeen, knownFor, BCS theory of superconductivity]
Generated description
The BCS theory of superconductivity is a fundamental microscopic theory that explains superconductivity through the formation of Cooper pairs of electrons and their collective quantum behavior in a solid.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: BCS theory of superconductivity Target entity description: The BCS theory of superconductivity is a fundamental microscopic theory that explains superconductivity through the formation of Cooper pairs of electrons and their collective quantum behavior in a solid.
-
A.
Bose–Einstein statistics
Bose–Einstein statistics is a quantum statistical framework that describes the distribution and collective behavior of indistinguishable bosons, underpinning phenomena such as Bose–Einstein condensation.
-
B.
Feynman Lectures on Physics
Feynman Lectures on Physics is a renowned three-volume introductory physics textbook based on Richard Feynman’s legendary Caltech lectures, celebrated for its clarity, depth, and engaging style.
-
C.
Physical Review
Physical Review is a leading peer-reviewed scientific journal series covering research across all areas of physics.
-
D.
Science, The Endless Frontier
Science, The Endless Frontier is a landmark 1945 report by Vannevar Bush that laid the foundation for U.S. federal support of scientific research and the modern science policy framework.
-
E.
John Bardeen
John Bardeen was an American physicist and electrical engineer, uniquely renowned for being the only person to win the Nobel Prize in Physics twice for his work on the transistor and superconductivity.
- F. None of above. chosen
Provenance (5 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69a243b4ac2c8190b93c303df797b7b2 |
completed | Feb. 28, 2026, 1:24 a.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69a246776cf48190aca9855cb07e8d89 |
completed | Feb. 28, 2026, 1:35 a.m. |
| NED1 | Entity disambiguation (via context triple) | batch_69a248e88e588190a704e7b83d3dc07c |
completed | Feb. 28, 2026, 1:46 a.m. |
| NEDg | Description generation | batch_69a24c29bf64819087a7b51e8a94c278 |
completed | Feb. 28, 2026, 2 a.m. |
| NED2 | Entity disambiguation (via description) | batch_69a24cb52c9c8190a27dcb969b989649 |
completed | Feb. 28, 2026, 2:02 a.m. |
Created at: Feb. 28, 2026, 1:34 a.m.