Triple

T2652957
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Whitney approximation theorem E53941 entity
Predicate standardReference P33736 FINISHED
Object J. Lee, Introduction to Smooth Manifolds
*J. Lee, Introduction to Smooth Manifolds* is a widely used graduate-level textbook that provides a rigorous and accessible introduction to the theory of smooth manifolds and differential topology.
E285992 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: J. Lee, Introduction to Smooth Manifolds | Statement: [Whitney approximation theorem, standardReference, J. Lee, Introduction to Smooth Manifolds]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: J. Lee, Introduction to Smooth Manifolds
Context triple: [Whitney approximation theorem, standardReference, J. Lee, Introduction to Smooth Manifolds]
  • A. Topology from the Differentiable Viewpoint
    "Topology from the Differentiable Viewpoint" is a classic introductory monograph on differential topology that presents key concepts such as smooth manifolds, vector bundles, and characteristic classes in a concise and accessible style.
  • B. Geometrical Methods of Mathematical Physics
    Geometrical Methods of Mathematical Physics is a widely used textbook that introduces the differential geometric foundations underlying modern theoretical physics, including topics such as manifolds, tensors, and symmetries.
  • C. Riemannian manifolds
    Riemannian manifolds are smooth manifolds equipped with an inner product on each tangent space that allows one to measure lengths, angles, and curvature in a curved geometric setting.
  • D. Nash embedding theorem
    The Nash embedding theorem is a fundamental result in differential geometry that shows any Riemannian manifold can be isometrically embedded into some Euclidean space, thereby realizing abstract curved spaces as concrete subsets of standard Euclidean space.
  • E. Whitney embedding theorem
    The Whitney embedding theorem is a fundamental result in differential topology stating that any smooth n-dimensional manifold can be embedded as a submanifold of Euclidean space of sufficiently high dimension (specifically \(\mathbb{R}^{2n}\)).
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: J. Lee, Introduction to Smooth Manifolds
Triple: [Whitney approximation theorem, standardReference, J. Lee, Introduction to Smooth Manifolds]
Generated description
*J. Lee, Introduction to Smooth Manifolds* is a widely used graduate-level textbook that provides a rigorous and accessible introduction to the theory of smooth manifolds and differential topology.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: J. Lee, Introduction to Smooth Manifolds
Target entity description: *J. Lee, Introduction to Smooth Manifolds* is a widely used graduate-level textbook that provides a rigorous and accessible introduction to the theory of smooth manifolds and differential topology.
  • A. Topology from the Differentiable Viewpoint
    "Topology from the Differentiable Viewpoint" is a classic introductory monograph on differential topology that presents key concepts such as smooth manifolds, vector bundles, and characteristic classes in a concise and accessible style.
  • B. Geometrical Methods of Mathematical Physics
    Geometrical Methods of Mathematical Physics is a widely used textbook that introduces the differential geometric foundations underlying modern theoretical physics, including topics such as manifolds, tensors, and symmetries.
  • C. Riemannian manifolds
    Riemannian manifolds are smooth manifolds equipped with an inner product on each tangent space that allows one to measure lengths, angles, and curvature in a curved geometric setting.
  • D. Nash embedding theorem
    The Nash embedding theorem is a fundamental result in differential geometry that shows any Riemannian manifold can be isometrically embedded into some Euclidean space, thereby realizing abstract curved spaces as concrete subsets of standard Euclidean space.
  • E. Whitney embedding theorem
    The Whitney embedding theorem is a fundamental result in differential topology stating that any smooth n-dimensional manifold can be embedded as a submanifold of Euclidean space of sufficiently high dimension (specifically \(\mathbb{R}^{2n}\)).
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69ab495e192081909c77b622e8e7e15a completed March 6, 2026, 9:38 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69abd93197f48190b04faf358b503204 completed March 7, 2026, 7:52 a.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69af98ce81fc8190b7c6c66acfcb87c7 completed March 10, 2026, 4:06 a.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69af9942390081909fd17fa20386fed6 completed March 10, 2026, 4:08 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69af99af3c8c8190b1342dd4bd5866e2 completed March 10, 2026, 4:10 a.m.
Created at: March 6, 2026, 9:53 p.m.