Triple
T2646019
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | Karl J. Åström |
E62984
|
entity |
| Predicate | notableWork |
P4
|
FINISHED |
| Object |
PID Controllers: Theory, Design, and Tuning
PID Controllers: Theory, Design, and Tuning is a foundational engineering text that systematically presents the principles, practical design methods, and tuning techniques for proportional–integral–derivative control systems.
|
E285085
|
NE FINISHED |
How this triple was built (4 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: PID Controllers: Theory, Design, and Tuning | Statement: [Karl J. Åström, notableWork, PID Controllers: Theory, Design, and Tuning]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: PID Controllers: Theory, Design, and Tuning Context triple: [Karl J. Åström, notableWork, PID Controllers: Theory, Design, and Tuning]
-
A.
control theory
Control theory is a branch of engineering and mathematics that studies how to model, analyze, and design systems that regulate their own behavior using feedback.
-
B.
Dynamic Systems and Control Division
The Dynamic Systems and Control Division is a technical division of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers focused on the modeling, analysis, and control of dynamic engineering systems.
-
C.
ASME Letters in Dynamic Systems and Control
ASME Letters in Dynamic Systems and Control is a peer-reviewed scholarly journal focusing on rapid dissemination of research in dynamic systems, control theory, and related engineering applications.
-
D.
Lyapunov stability theory
Lyapunov stability theory is a fundamental framework in dynamical systems and control theory that uses energy-like functions to assess the stability of equilibrium points without explicitly solving differential equations.
-
E.
IRE Transactions on Automatic Control
IRE Transactions on Automatic Control was a pioneering scholarly journal that published research in the field of automatic control and control theory, serving as a precursor to the modern IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg
Description generation
gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. # Instructions Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential. # Response Format Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: PID Controllers: Theory, Design, and Tuning Triple: [Karl J. Åström, notableWork, PID Controllers: Theory, Design, and Tuning]
Generated description
PID Controllers: Theory, Design, and Tuning is a foundational engineering text that systematically presents the principles, practical design methods, and tuning techniques for proportional–integral–derivative control systems.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: PID Controllers: Theory, Design, and Tuning Target entity description: PID Controllers: Theory, Design, and Tuning is a foundational engineering text that systematically presents the principles, practical design methods, and tuning techniques for proportional–integral–derivative control systems.
-
A.
control theory
Control theory is a branch of engineering and mathematics that studies how to model, analyze, and design systems that regulate their own behavior using feedback.
-
B.
Dynamic Systems and Control Division
The Dynamic Systems and Control Division is a technical division of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers focused on the modeling, analysis, and control of dynamic engineering systems.
-
C.
ASME Letters in Dynamic Systems and Control
ASME Letters in Dynamic Systems and Control is a peer-reviewed scholarly journal focusing on rapid dissemination of research in dynamic systems, control theory, and related engineering applications.
-
D.
Lyapunov stability theory
Lyapunov stability theory is a fundamental framework in dynamical systems and control theory that uses energy-like functions to assess the stability of equilibrium points without explicitly solving differential equations.
-
E.
IRE Transactions on Automatic Control
IRE Transactions on Automatic Control was a pioneering scholarly journal that published research in the field of automatic control and control theory, serving as a precursor to the modern IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control.
- F. None of above. chosen
Provenance (5 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69ab4c3f2dcc819082df80f5e032f690 |
completed | March 6, 2026, 9:50 p.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69abd91846b4819093a063c15e1ee6af |
completed | March 7, 2026, 7:51 a.m. |
| NED1 | Entity disambiguation (via context triple) | batch_69af98c721b08190b380d3625126cb55 |
completed | March 10, 2026, 4:06 a.m. |
| NEDg | Description generation | batch_69af996e93f08190ac4b8faa64fb0550 |
completed | March 10, 2026, 4:09 a.m. |
| NED2 | Entity disambiguation (via description) | batch_69af99d58744819098633b2b51f7943e |
completed | March 10, 2026, 4:11 a.m. |
Created at: March 6, 2026, 9:53 p.m.