Triple

T2631021
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject quantum field theory E59629 entity
Predicate developedBy P73 FINISHED
Object Julian Schwinger E23122 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (2 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Julian Schwinger | Statement: [quantum field theory, developedBy, Julian Schwinger]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Julian Schwinger
Context triple: [quantum field theory, developedBy, Julian Schwinger]
  • A. Julian Schwinger chosen
    Julian Schwinger was an American theoretical physicist renowned for his foundational contributions to quantum electrodynamics and quantum field theory.
  • B. Victor F. Weisskopf
    Victor F. Weisskopf was an Austrian-American theoretical physicist renowned for his contributions to quantum electrodynamics, his leadership at CERN and MIT, and his influential role in science education and public advocacy.
  • C. Abraham Pais
    Abraham Pais was a Dutch-American physicist and renowned science historian best known for his influential biographies of Albert Einstein and Niels Bohr and his contributions to particle physics.
  • D. Melvin Schwartz
    Melvin Schwartz was an American physicist and Nobel laureate renowned for his pioneering work in neutrino physics, including the first direct detection of the muon neutrino.
  • E. Sidney Coleman
    Sidney Coleman was an influential American theoretical physicist renowned for his work in quantum field theory and for his exceptional teaching and expository lectures at Harvard University.
  • F. None of above.
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.

Provenance (3 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69ab4ac8596c8190b34997e73d9e991c completed March 6, 2026, 9:44 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69abd8c567408190b94ff047efa4bc06 completed March 7, 2026, 7:50 a.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69af90a7021081909f81c4ddb48fa00c completed March 10, 2026, 3:31 a.m.
Created at: March 6, 2026, 9:50 p.m.