Triple

T24822873

Position	Surface form	Disambiguated ID	Type / Status
Subject	gauge theory	`E621105`	entity
Predicate	gaugeFixingMethod	`P39342`	FINISHED
Object	Coulomb gauge Coulomb gauge is a specific choice of gauge in classical and quantum gauge theories where the divergence of the vector potential is set to zero, simplifying the description of electromagnetic and other gauge fields.	`E1654147`	NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (3 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini

Instruction

Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).

Input

Phrase: Coulomb gauge | Statement: [gauge theory, gaugeFixingMethod, Coulomb gauge]

NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1

Instruction

Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"

Input

Entity: Coulomb gauge
Triple: [gauge theory, gaugeFixingMethod, Coulomb gauge]

Generated description

Coulomb gauge is a specific choice of gauge in classical and quantum gauge theories where the divergence of the vector potential is set to zero, simplifying the description of electromagnetic and other gauge fields.

PD Predicate disambiguation gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07

Target predicate: gaugeFixingMethod
Context triple: [gauge theory, gaugeFixingMethod, Coulomb gauge]

A. gaugeInvarianceRequires
Indicates that maintaining gauge invariance necessitates or imposes a specific condition, structure, or constraint on another quantity or element in the theory.
B. gaugeCoupling
Indicates the strength of interaction between fields or particles as defined by a specific gauge symmetry in a physical theory.
C. gaugeTheoryFeature
Indicates a property, structure, or characteristic that specifically pertains to a gauge theory within a physical or mathematical framework.
D. gaugeType chosen
Indicates the specific kind or category of gauge associated with an entity or measurement.
E. gaugeCompatibleWith
Indicates that one gauge can be properly used with, mounted to, or function correctly in conjunction with another specified component or system.
F. None of above.

Provenance (6 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step	Stage	Batch ID	Status	When
creating	Elicitation	`batch_69e2fabfd4648190bd0e5c7f4dbb6cab`	completed	April 18, 2026, 3:30 a.m.
NER	Named-entity recognition	`batch_69f44a417a58819081777e18dda149fd`	completed	May 1, 2026, 6:37 a.m.
NED1	Entity disambiguation (via context triple)	`batch_6a101c42245481908c36d3b775b615ff`	completed	May 22, 2026, 9:05 a.m.
NEDg	Description generation	`batch_6a102814f838819094ed41d653039f72`	completed	May 22, 2026, 9:55 a.m.
NED2	Entity disambiguation (via description)	`batch_6a10294485508190a91d9ec391181047`	completed	May 22, 2026, 10 a.m.
PD	Predicate disambiguation	`batch_69f442b8479c8190a7c8e416ac9e28a0`	completed	May 1, 2026, 6:05 a.m.

Created at: April 18, 2026, 5:05 a.m.