Triple

T246293
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Paul Kurtz E5044 entity
Predicate notableWork P4 FINISHED
Object In Defense of Secular Humanism
In Defense of Secular Humanism is a philosophical work by Paul Kurtz that articulates and defends secular humanist ethics, reason, and skepticism as alternatives to religious belief.
E31715 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: In Defense of Secular Humanism | Statement: [Paul Kurtz, notableWork, In Defense of Secular Humanism]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: In Defense of Secular Humanism
Context triple: [Paul Kurtz, notableWork, In Defense of Secular Humanism]
  • A. Three Essays on Religion
    Three Essays on Religion is a posthumously published collection of philosophical essays by John Stuart Mill that critically examines religious belief, theism, and the role of religion in moral life.
  • B. The Elements of Morality
    The Elements of Morality is a 19th-century philosophical treatise by William Whewell that systematically explores ethical theory, moral duties, and the foundations of human conduct.
  • C. Religion within the Bounds of Bare Reason
    Religion within the Bounds of Bare Reason is Immanuel Kant’s major philosophical work on the rational foundations of religion and the relationship between morality and religious belief.
  • D. The Case for God
    The Case for God is a 2009 book by religious historian Karen Armstrong that explores the history of religious thought and argues for a more nuanced, experiential understanding of God beyond rigid dogma and atheistic critiques.
  • E. Beyond Freedom and Dignity
    Beyond Freedom and Dignity is a controversial 1971 book by behaviorist B. F. Skinner that argues human behavior is best shaped through environmental conditioning rather than notions of free will or moral autonomy.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: In Defense of Secular Humanism
Triple: [Paul Kurtz, notableWork, In Defense of Secular Humanism]
Generated description
In Defense of Secular Humanism is a philosophical work by Paul Kurtz that articulates and defends secular humanist ethics, reason, and skepticism as alternatives to religious belief.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: In Defense of Secular Humanism
Target entity description: In Defense of Secular Humanism is a philosophical work by Paul Kurtz that articulates and defends secular humanist ethics, reason, and skepticism as alternatives to religious belief.
  • A. Three Essays on Religion
    Three Essays on Religion is a posthumously published collection of philosophical essays by John Stuart Mill that critically examines religious belief, theism, and the role of religion in moral life.
  • B. The Elements of Morality
    The Elements of Morality is a 19th-century philosophical treatise by William Whewell that systematically explores ethical theory, moral duties, and the foundations of human conduct.
  • C. Religion within the Bounds of Bare Reason
    Religion within the Bounds of Bare Reason is Immanuel Kant’s major philosophical work on the rational foundations of religion and the relationship between morality and religious belief.
  • D. The Case for God
    The Case for God is a 2009 book by religious historian Karen Armstrong that explores the history of religious thought and argues for a more nuanced, experiential understanding of God beyond rigid dogma and atheistic critiques.
  • E. Beyond Freedom and Dignity
    Beyond Freedom and Dignity is a controversial 1971 book by behaviorist B. F. Skinner that argues human behavior is best shaped through environmental conditioning rather than notions of free will or moral autonomy.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69a257c4bf688190a46ebbf411ab7473 completed Feb. 28, 2026, 2:49 a.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69a25d13b8088190a3f48f0388d57496 completed Feb. 28, 2026, 3:12 a.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69a36cf4d8608190bf3d33ee6b93aae0 completed Feb. 28, 2026, 10:32 p.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69a36d7b01fc8190a5c596b748bbaa53 completed Feb. 28, 2026, 10:34 p.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69a36df1839081909c743e1357dd400a completed Feb. 28, 2026, 10:36 p.m.
Created at: Feb. 28, 2026, 2:54 a.m.