Triple

T2440920
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Jordi Galí E53271 entity
Predicate hasNotableWork P4 FINISHED
Object Technology, Employment, and the Business Cycle: Do Technology Shocks Explain Aggregate Fluctuations?
"Technology, Employment, and the Business Cycle: Do Technology Shocks Explain Aggregate Fluctuations?" is an influential macroeconomics paper by Jordi Galí that empirically investigates how technology shocks affect employment and output over the business cycle.
E266785 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Technology, Employment, and the Business Cycle: Do Technology Shocks Explain Aggregate Fluctuations? | Statement: [Jordi Galí, hasNotableWork, Technology, Employment, and the Business Cycle: Do Technology Shocks Explain Aggregate Fluctuations?]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Technology, Employment, and the Business Cycle: Do Technology Shocks Explain Aggregate Fluctuations?
Context triple: [Jordi Galí, hasNotableWork, Technology, Employment, and the Business Cycle: Do Technology Shocks Explain Aggregate Fluctuations?]
  • A. Business Cycles in the United States of America, 1919–1932
    "Business Cycles in the United States of America, 1919–1932" is an influential econometric study by Jan Tinbergen that analyzes and models U.S. economic fluctuations during the interwar period.
  • B. Frisch elasticity of labor supply
    The Frisch elasticity of labor supply is an economic measure that captures how responsive individuals’ labor supply is to changes in wages when their expected lifetime wealth is held constant.
  • C. the "Volcker shock" in U.S. monetary policy
    The "Volcker shock" in U.S. monetary policy refers to the dramatic interest rate hikes and tight monetary stance of the early 1980s aimed at breaking entrenched inflation, which triggered a deep recession but ultimately restored price stability and reshaped central banking practice.
  • D. Introduction to Modern Economic Growth
    Introduction to Modern Economic Growth is a comprehensive graduate-level textbook that rigorously develops the theory and empirics of long-run economic growth, with a strong emphasis on microfoundations and institutional factors.
  • E. American Economic Journal: Macroeconomics
    American Economic Journal: Macroeconomics is a peer-reviewed academic journal focusing on research in macroeconomics, including topics such as economic growth, business cycles, monetary and fiscal policy, and international macroeconomics.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Technology, Employment, and the Business Cycle: Do Technology Shocks Explain Aggregate Fluctuations?
Triple: [Jordi Galí, hasNotableWork, Technology, Employment, and the Business Cycle: Do Technology Shocks Explain Aggregate Fluctuations?]
Generated description
"Technology, Employment, and the Business Cycle: Do Technology Shocks Explain Aggregate Fluctuations?" is an influential macroeconomics paper by Jordi Galí that empirically investigates how technology shocks affect employment and output over the business cycle.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Technology, Employment, and the Business Cycle: Do Technology Shocks Explain Aggregate Fluctuations?
Target entity description: "Technology, Employment, and the Business Cycle: Do Technology Shocks Explain Aggregate Fluctuations?" is an influential macroeconomics paper by Jordi Galí that empirically investigates how technology shocks affect employment and output over the business cycle.
  • A. Business Cycles in the United States of America, 1919–1932
    "Business Cycles in the United States of America, 1919–1932" is an influential econometric study by Jan Tinbergen that analyzes and models U.S. economic fluctuations during the interwar period.
  • B. Frisch elasticity of labor supply
    The Frisch elasticity of labor supply is an economic measure that captures how responsive individuals’ labor supply is to changes in wages when their expected lifetime wealth is held constant.
  • C. the "Volcker shock" in U.S. monetary policy
    The "Volcker shock" in U.S. monetary policy refers to the dramatic interest rate hikes and tight monetary stance of the early 1980s aimed at breaking entrenched inflation, which triggered a deep recession but ultimately restored price stability and reshaped central banking practice.
  • D. Introduction to Modern Economic Growth
    Introduction to Modern Economic Growth is a comprehensive graduate-level textbook that rigorously develops the theory and empirics of long-run economic growth, with a strong emphasis on microfoundations and institutional factors.
  • E. American Economic Journal: Macroeconomics
    American Economic Journal: Macroeconomics is a peer-reviewed academic journal focusing on research in macroeconomics, including topics such as economic growth, business cycles, monetary and fiscal policy, and international macroeconomics.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69ab495b6dac8190ac82661aa1452222 completed March 6, 2026, 9:38 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69abc9f94e388190b6e49d4f7bbb6697 completed March 7, 2026, 6:47 a.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69aef0b3f7188190911f2db0ef2200cc completed March 9, 2026, 4:09 p.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69aef3752d6c8190b32d99418c0bfdc8 completed March 9, 2026, 4:21 p.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69aef433a83c8190b20a3a278204badd completed March 9, 2026, 4:24 p.m.
Created at: March 6, 2026, 9:43 p.m.