Triple

T2332438
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Richard Courant E44231 entity
Predicate notableWork P4 FINISHED
Object Methods of Mathematical Physics
Methods of Mathematical Physics is a classic two-volume textbook by Richard Courant and David Hilbert that rigorously develops the mathematical foundations and techniques used in theoretical physics.
E256917 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Methods of Mathematical Physics | Statement: [Richard Courant, notableWork, Methods of Mathematical Physics]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Methods of Mathematical Physics
Context triple: [Richard Courant, notableWork, Methods of Mathematical Physics]
  • A. Geometrical Methods of Mathematical Physics
    Geometrical Methods of Mathematical Physics is a widely used textbook that introduces the differential geometric foundations underlying modern theoretical physics, including topics such as manifolds, tensors, and symmetries.
  • B. Asymptotic Methods in Analysis
    Asymptotic Methods in Analysis is a classic mathematical monograph by N. G. de Bruijn that systematically develops techniques for approximating functions and integrals in limiting regimes, widely used in analysis and number theory.
  • C. The Fourier Integral and Certain of Its Applications
    The Fourier Integral and Certain of Its Applications is a foundational mathematical work by Norbert Wiener that develops and applies Fourier analysis to problems in harmonic analysis and related areas.
  • D. Journal of Mathematical Physics
    Journal of Mathematical Physics is a peer-reviewed academic journal focusing on research at the intersection of mathematics and theoretical physics.
  • E. Méthodes de calcul différentiel absolu et leurs applications
    Méthodes de calcul différentiel absolu et leurs applications is a foundational mathematical work that systematically develops the theory of tensor calculus and its applications, laying groundwork later used in general relativity.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Methods of Mathematical Physics
Triple: [Richard Courant, notableWork, Methods of Mathematical Physics]
Generated description
Methods of Mathematical Physics is a classic two-volume textbook by Richard Courant and David Hilbert that rigorously develops the mathematical foundations and techniques used in theoretical physics.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Methods of Mathematical Physics
Target entity description: Methods of Mathematical Physics is a classic two-volume textbook by Richard Courant and David Hilbert that rigorously develops the mathematical foundations and techniques used in theoretical physics.
  • A. Geometrical Methods of Mathematical Physics
    Geometrical Methods of Mathematical Physics is a widely used textbook that introduces the differential geometric foundations underlying modern theoretical physics, including topics such as manifolds, tensors, and symmetries.
  • B. Asymptotic Methods in Analysis
    Asymptotic Methods in Analysis is a classic mathematical monograph by N. G. de Bruijn that systematically develops techniques for approximating functions and integrals in limiting regimes, widely used in analysis and number theory.
  • C. The Fourier Integral and Certain of Its Applications
    The Fourier Integral and Certain of Its Applications is a foundational mathematical work by Norbert Wiener that develops and applies Fourier analysis to problems in harmonic analysis and related areas.
  • D. Journal of Mathematical Physics
    Journal of Mathematical Physics is a peer-reviewed academic journal focusing on research at the intersection of mathematics and theoretical physics.
  • E. Méthodes de calcul différentiel absolu et leurs applications
    Méthodes de calcul différentiel absolu et leurs applications is a foundational mathematical work that systematically develops the theory of tensor calculus and its applications, laying groundwork later used in general relativity.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69a889132b488190bbb43ad4780ddd92 completed March 4, 2026, 7:33 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69abc66bd0f08190aad5f640cfa1c372 completed March 7, 2026, 6:32 a.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69ae89773c88819087a294d7c0f90f73 completed March 9, 2026, 8:48 a.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69ae8ae2ab7481909d265e56369f68e2 completed March 9, 2026, 8:54 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69ae8b6c553481908b2b7b1f880b814d completed March 9, 2026, 8:57 a.m.
Created at: March 4, 2026, 7:51 p.m.