Triple

T23119494
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Penry v. Lynaugh E576850 entity
Predicate holding P2237 FINISHED
Object Texas’s special-issues capital sentencing scheme did not allow the jury to give full mitigating effect to evidence of Penry’s intellectual disability and childhood abuse
Penry v. Lynaugh is a 1989 U.S. Supreme Court decision addressing the constitutionality of imposing the death penalty on a defendant with intellectual disability and the adequacy of Texas’s capital sentencing procedures for considering mitigating evidence.
E1570805 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Texas’s special-issues capital sentencing scheme did not allow the jury to give full mitigating effect to evidence of Penry’s intellectual disability and childhood abuse | Statement: [Penry v. Lynaugh, holding, Texas’s special-issues capital sentencing scheme did not allow the jury to give full mitigating effect to evidence of Penry’s intellectual disability and childhood abuse]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Texas’s special-issues capital sentencing scheme did not allow the jury to give full mitigating effect to evidence of Penry’s intellectual disability and childhood abuse
Context triple: [Penry v. Lynaugh, holding, Texas’s special-issues capital sentencing scheme did not allow the jury to give full mitigating effect to evidence of Penry’s intellectual disability and childhood abuse]
  • A. Aguilar v. Texas
    Aguilar v. Texas is a 1964 U.S. Supreme Court decision that established a two-pronged test for evaluating the sufficiency of informants’ tips in supporting probable cause for search warrants.
  • B. Miller v. Alabama
    Miller v. Alabama is a 2012 U.S. Supreme Court decision that held mandatory life-without-parole sentences for juvenile offenders unconstitutional under the Eighth Amendment’s prohibition on cruel and unusual punishments.
  • C. Texas Board of Pardons and Paroles (in part)
    The Texas Board of Pardons and Paroles is a state agency responsible for making parole and clemency decisions for offenders in the Texas criminal justice system.
  • D. Jurek v. Texas
    Jurek v. Texas is a 1976 U.S. Supreme Court decision that upheld the constitutionality of Texas’s capital sentencing scheme and helped define the modern framework for death penalty procedures under the Eighth Amendment.
  • E. Moore v. Texas
    Moore v. Texas is a U.S. Supreme Court case that refined the standards for determining intellectual disability in capital cases, reinforcing constitutional limits on executing individuals with such disabilities.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Texas’s special-issues capital sentencing scheme did not allow the jury to give full mitigating effect to evidence of Penry’s intellectual disability and childhood abuse
Triple: [Penry v. Lynaugh, holding, Texas’s special-issues capital sentencing scheme did not allow the jury to give full mitigating effect to evidence of Penry’s intellectual disability and childhood abuse]
Generated description
Penry v. Lynaugh is a 1989 U.S. Supreme Court decision addressing the constitutionality of imposing the death penalty on a defendant with intellectual disability and the adequacy of Texas’s capital sentencing procedures for considering mitigating evidence.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Texas’s special-issues capital sentencing scheme did not allow the jury to give full mitigating effect to evidence of Penry’s intellectual disability and childhood abuse
Target entity description: Penry v. Lynaugh is a 1989 U.S. Supreme Court decision addressing the constitutionality of imposing the death penalty on a defendant with intellectual disability and the adequacy of Texas’s capital sentencing procedures for considering mitigating evidence.
  • A. Aguilar v. Texas
    Aguilar v. Texas is a 1964 U.S. Supreme Court decision that established a two-pronged test for evaluating the sufficiency of informants’ tips in supporting probable cause for search warrants.
  • B. Miller v. Alabama
    Miller v. Alabama is a 2012 U.S. Supreme Court decision that held mandatory life-without-parole sentences for juvenile offenders unconstitutional under the Eighth Amendment’s prohibition on cruel and unusual punishments.
  • C. Texas Board of Pardons and Paroles (in part)
    The Texas Board of Pardons and Paroles is a state agency responsible for making parole and clemency decisions for offenders in the Texas criminal justice system.
  • D. Jurek v. Texas
    Jurek v. Texas is a 1976 U.S. Supreme Court decision that upheld the constitutionality of Texas’s capital sentencing scheme and helped define the modern framework for death penalty procedures under the Eighth Amendment.
  • E. Moore v. Texas
    Moore v. Texas is a U.S. Supreme Court case that refined the standards for determining intellectual disability in capital cases, reinforcing constitutional limits on executing individuals with such disabilities.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69e245f6c2e881909a228fdcfeb7c7d3 completed April 17, 2026, 2:38 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69f18e4ece5481908d05b4b1e6a07db3 completed April 29, 2026, 4:51 a.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_6a0c23ee9e3481909c5dd97ef5424396 completed May 19, 2026, 8:48 a.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_6a0c271e8a8c8190ba994f557f077288 completed May 19, 2026, 9:02 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_6a0c27d3befc8190bc7a3697bc0e817b completed May 19, 2026, 9:05 a.m.
Created at: April 17, 2026, 3:59 p.m.