Triple

T2257574
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Murcia E49762 entity
Predicate foundedBy P104 FINISHED
Object Abd al-Rahman II
Abd al-Rahman II was an Umayyad emir of Córdoba in the 9th century who significantly expanded and consolidated Muslim rule in al-Andalus, fostering urban development, culture, and learning.
E213466 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Abd al-Rahman II | Statement: [Murcia, foundedBy, Abd al-Rahman II]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Abd al-Rahman II
Context triple: [Murcia, foundedBy, Abd al-Rahman II]
  • A. Abd al-Rahman III
    Abd al-Rahman III was the 10th-century Umayyad ruler of al-Andalus who transformed his realm into the powerful Caliphate of Córdoba, overseeing a period of political consolidation and cultural flourishing in Islamic Spain.
  • B. Al-Hakam II
    Al-Hakam II was a 10th-century Umayyad caliph of Córdoba renowned for presiding over a cultural and intellectual golden age in Al-Andalus, marked by extensive library collections and patronage of scholars.
  • C. Abd al-Rahman I
    Abd al-Rahman I was the founder of the independent Umayyad Emirate of Córdoba in al-Andalus, establishing a powerful Islamic state in Iberia in the 8th century.
  • D. Al-Mansur
    Al-Mansur was the second Abbasid caliph who consolidated the Abbasid dynasty’s power and established Baghdad as its capital, making it a major political and cultural center of the Islamic world.
  • E. Al-Walid I
    Al-Walid I was an Umayyad caliph (r. 705–715) known for major expansions of the Islamic empire and for sponsoring monumental architectural projects, including significant works at the Al-Aqsa Mosque and the Great Mosque of Damascus.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Abd al-Rahman II
Triple: [Murcia, foundedBy, Abd al-Rahman II]
Generated description
Abd al-Rahman II was an Umayyad emir of Córdoba in the 9th century who significantly expanded and consolidated Muslim rule in al-Andalus, fostering urban development, culture, and learning.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Abd al-Rahman II
Target entity description: Abd al-Rahman II was an Umayyad emir of Córdoba in the 9th century who significantly expanded and consolidated Muslim rule in al-Andalus, fostering urban development, culture, and learning.
  • A. Abd al-Rahman III
    Abd al-Rahman III was the 10th-century Umayyad ruler of al-Andalus who transformed his realm into the powerful Caliphate of Córdoba, overseeing a period of political consolidation and cultural flourishing in Islamic Spain.
  • B. Al-Hakam II
    Al-Hakam II was a 10th-century Umayyad caliph of Córdoba renowned for presiding over a cultural and intellectual golden age in Al-Andalus, marked by extensive library collections and patronage of scholars.
  • C. Abd al-Rahman I chosen
    Abd al-Rahman I was the founder of the independent Umayyad Emirate of Córdoba in al-Andalus, establishing a powerful Islamic state in Iberia in the 8th century.
  • D. Al-Mansur
    Al-Mansur was the second Abbasid caliph who consolidated the Abbasid dynasty’s power and established Baghdad as its capital, making it a major political and cultural center of the Islamic world.
  • E. Al-Walid I
    Al-Walid I was an Umayyad caliph (r. 705–715) known for major expansions of the Islamic empire and for sponsoring monumental architectural projects, including significant works at the Al-Aqsa Mosque and the Great Mosque of Damascus.
  • F. None of above.

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69a88aaa9250819095e127d0d77e8a32 completed March 4, 2026, 7:40 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69abc15839fc8190b17e040c4c765a8c completed March 7, 2026, 6:10 a.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69ae89477bb481908ce66fac62181f1f completed March 9, 2026, 8:48 a.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69ae8a1abe708190806a2525377084c2 completed March 9, 2026, 8:51 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69ae8a7726dc8190a18f7f1e1609253a completed March 9, 2026, 8:53 a.m.
Created at: March 4, 2026, 7:48 p.m.