Triple

T2254124
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Koman languages E49680 entity
Predicate hasLinguisticResearchBy P28320 FINISHED
Object Lionel Bender
Lionel Bender was an American linguist known for his extensive research and classification work on African languages, particularly those in the Nilo-Saharan and Afroasiatic families.
E271598 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (5 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Lionel Bender | Statement: [Koman languages, hasLinguisticResearchBy, Lionel Bender]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Lionel Bender
Context triple: [Koman languages, hasLinguisticResearchBy, Lionel Bender]
  • A. Lionel Newman
    Lionel Newman was an American composer and conductor best known for his work in film and television music, including a long association with 20th Century Fox.
  • B. Lawrence Bender
    Lawrence Bender is an American film producer best known for his longtime collaboration with Quentin Tarantino on influential films such as "Pulp Fiction" and the "Kill Bill" series.
  • C. Lester Germer
    Lester Germer was an American physicist best known for the Davisson–Germer experiment, which provided key evidence for the wave nature of electrons and helped confirm quantum mechanics.
  • D. Eric Villency
    Eric Villency is an American businessman and interior designer, known as the CEO of the design firm Villency Design Group and for his past marriage to television personality Kimberly Guilfoyle.
  • E. David Bonderman
    David Bonderman is an American billionaire businessman and private equity investor, best known as a founding partner of TPG Capital and as a prominent owner of major professional sports franchises.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Lionel Bender
Triple: [Koman languages, hasLinguisticResearchBy, Lionel Bender]
Generated description
Lionel Bender was an American linguist known for his extensive research and classification work on African languages, particularly those in the Nilo-Saharan and Afroasiatic families.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Lionel Bender
Target entity description: Lionel Bender was an American linguist known for his extensive research and classification work on African languages, particularly those in the Nilo-Saharan and Afroasiatic families.
  • A. Lionel Newman
    Lionel Newman was an American composer and conductor best known for his work in film and television music, including a long association with 20th Century Fox.
  • B. Lawrence Bender
    Lawrence Bender is an American film producer best known for his longtime collaboration with Quentin Tarantino on influential films such as "Pulp Fiction" and the "Kill Bill" series.
  • C. Lester Germer
    Lester Germer was an American physicist best known for the Davisson–Germer experiment, which provided key evidence for the wave nature of electrons and helped confirm quantum mechanics.
  • D. Eric Villency
    Eric Villency is an American businessman and interior designer, known as the CEO of the design firm Villency Design Group and for his past marriage to television personality Kimberly Guilfoyle.
  • E. David Bonderman
    David Bonderman is an American billionaire businessman and private equity investor, best known as a founding partner of TPG Capital and as a prominent owner of major professional sports franchises.
  • F. None of above. chosen
PD Predicate disambiguation gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target predicate: hasLinguisticResearchBy
Context triple: [Koman languages, hasLinguisticResearchBy, Lionel Bender]
  • A. hasResearcher chosen
    Indicates that an entity is associated with or linked to a specific researcher responsible for work, study, or investigation related to it.
  • B. hasResearchArea
    Indicates that an entity (such as a person, project, or organization) is associated with or focused on a particular field or area of research.
  • C. hasLinguisticDomain
    Indicates that something (such as a term, expression, or resource) is associated with or applies within a particular linguistic domain or language context.
  • D. hasResearchOutput
    Indicates that an entity produces, is associated with, or is responsible for a particular research output or scholarly work.
  • E. hasLanguageOfStudy
    Indicates that an entity studies or is engaged in learning a particular language.
  • F. None of above.

Provenance (6 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69a88aaa9250819095e127d0d77e8a32 completed March 4, 2026, 7:40 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69abc12029548190af9f2cdd7a4de2d6 completed March 7, 2026, 6:09 a.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69af1f76bb60819084cac16bce2ce55d completed March 9, 2026, 7:28 p.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69af200e2db4819085851a45213edc89 completed March 9, 2026, 7:31 p.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69af208dfab081909d706aad8ff5f615 completed March 9, 2026, 7:33 p.m.
PD Predicate disambiguation batch_69abbdb34c148190b51e99f540f97204 completed March 7, 2026, 5:54 a.m.
Created at: March 4, 2026, 7:47 p.m.