Triple

T2249578
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Tullio Levi-Civita E49584 entity
Predicate notableWork P4 FINISHED
Object Lezioni di calcolo differenziale assoluto
"Lezioni di calcolo differenziale assoluto" is a foundational mathematical text by Tullio Levi-Civita that systematically develops the theory of absolute differential calculus, now known as tensor calculus, with applications to geometry and physics.
E247458 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Lezioni di calcolo differenziale assoluto | Statement: [Tullio Levi-Civita, notableWork, Lezioni di calcolo differenziale assoluto]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Lezioni di calcolo differenziale assoluto
Context triple: [Tullio Levi-Civita, notableWork, Lezioni di calcolo differenziale assoluto]
  • A. Cours d’Analyse
    Cours d’Analyse is a foundational 19th-century mathematics textbook by Augustin-Louis Cauchy that rigorously developed the theory of functions, limits, and continuity, helping to formalize modern analysis.
  • B. Disquisitiones Generales Circa Superficies Curvas
    Disquisitiones Generales Circa Superficies Curvas is Carl Friedrich Gauss’s foundational 1827 work on differential geometry, in which he developed the intrinsic theory of curved surfaces and introduced concepts such as Gaussian curvature.
  • C. Réflexions sur la métaphysique du calcul infinitésimal
    Réflexions sur la métaphysique du calcul infinitésimal is a foundational 18th-century treatise by Lazare Carnot that examines the philosophical and logical underpinnings of infinitesimal calculus.
  • D. "Invariante Variationsprobleme"
    "Invariante Variationsprobleme" is Emmy Noether’s landmark 1918 paper that founded the deep connection between symmetries and conservation laws in physics and the calculus of variations.
  • E. Treatise on Demonstration of Problems of Algebra
    Treatise on Demonstration of Problems of Algebra is a seminal mathematical work by Omar Khayyam in which he systematically analyzes and geometrically solves cubic equations.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Lezioni di calcolo differenziale assoluto
Triple: [Tullio Levi-Civita, notableWork, Lezioni di calcolo differenziale assoluto]
Generated description
"Lezioni di calcolo differenziale assoluto" is a foundational mathematical text by Tullio Levi-Civita that systematically develops the theory of absolute differential calculus, now known as tensor calculus, with applications to geometry and physics.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Lezioni di calcolo differenziale assoluto
Target entity description: "Lezioni di calcolo differenziale assoluto" is a foundational mathematical text by Tullio Levi-Civita that systematically develops the theory of absolute differential calculus, now known as tensor calculus, with applications to geometry and physics.
  • A. Cours d’Analyse
    Cours d’Analyse is a foundational 19th-century mathematics textbook by Augustin-Louis Cauchy that rigorously developed the theory of functions, limits, and continuity, helping to formalize modern analysis.
  • B. Disquisitiones Generales Circa Superficies Curvas
    Disquisitiones Generales Circa Superficies Curvas is Carl Friedrich Gauss’s foundational 1827 work on differential geometry, in which he developed the intrinsic theory of curved surfaces and introduced concepts such as Gaussian curvature.
  • C. Réflexions sur la métaphysique du calcul infinitésimal
    Réflexions sur la métaphysique du calcul infinitésimal is a foundational 18th-century treatise by Lazare Carnot that examines the philosophical and logical underpinnings of infinitesimal calculus.
  • D. "Invariante Variationsprobleme"
    "Invariante Variationsprobleme" is Emmy Noether’s landmark 1918 paper that founded the deep connection between symmetries and conservation laws in physics and the calculus of variations.
  • E. Treatise on Demonstration of Problems of Algebra
    Treatise on Demonstration of Problems of Algebra is a seminal mathematical work by Omar Khayyam in which he systematically analyzes and geometrically solves cubic equations.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69a88aa979788190ad6500f1d8eee2fc completed March 4, 2026, 7:40 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69abc0ef74988190a0af51d983cf5658 completed March 7, 2026, 6:08 a.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69ae6b1948cc8190921b9fcc12c28db0 completed March 9, 2026, 6:39 a.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69ae6b73bb688190bcade17d991c4862 completed March 9, 2026, 6:40 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69ae6be4431c81909c9b4ad82226215d completed March 9, 2026, 6:42 a.m.
Created at: March 4, 2026, 7:47 p.m.