Triple

T21762492
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Cumrun Vafa E537196 entity
Predicate knownFor P22 FINISHED
Object Vafa–Witten theorem
The Vafa–Witten theorem is a result in theoretical physics and mathematics that constrains the spontaneous breaking of certain symmetries, particularly ruling out spontaneous breaking of vector-like global symmetries in vector-like gauge theories.
E1500822 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Vafa–Witten theorem | Statement: [Cumrun Vafa, knownFor, Vafa–Witten theorem]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Vafa–Witten theorem
Context triple: [Cumrun Vafa, knownFor, Vafa–Witten theorem]
  • A. Seiberg–Witten invariants
    Seiberg–Witten invariants are powerful topological invariants of smooth four-manifolds derived from solutions to the Seiberg–Witten equations, used to distinguish different smooth structures and study the geometry and topology of 4D spaces.
  • B. Donaldson–Thomas theory
    Donaldson–Thomas theory is a branch of algebraic geometry and mathematical physics that counts stable sheaves or ideal sheaves on Calabi–Yau threefolds, providing integer-valued invariants related to curve counting and string theory.
  • C. Atiyah–Singer index theorem
    The Atiyah–Singer index theorem is a fundamental result in mathematics that links the analytical properties of elliptic differential operators to topological invariants of manifolds, unifying analysis, topology, and geometry.
  • D. Donaldson–Uhlenbeck–Yau theorem
    The Donaldson–Uhlenbeck–Yau theorem is a fundamental result in differential and algebraic geometry that characterizes when a holomorphic vector bundle over a compact Kähler manifold admits a Hermitian–Einstein metric, linking geometric stability with the existence of such metrics.
  • E. Seiberg–Witten theory
    Seiberg–Witten theory is a framework in quantum field theory and string theory that uses supersymmetry to exactly analyze strongly coupled gauge theories, leading to profound insights into dualities and four-dimensional topology.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Vafa–Witten theorem
Triple: [Cumrun Vafa, knownFor, Vafa–Witten theorem]
Generated description
The Vafa–Witten theorem is a result in theoretical physics and mathematics that constrains the spontaneous breaking of certain symmetries, particularly ruling out spontaneous breaking of vector-like global symmetries in vector-like gauge theories.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Vafa–Witten theorem
Target entity description: The Vafa–Witten theorem is a result in theoretical physics and mathematics that constrains the spontaneous breaking of certain symmetries, particularly ruling out spontaneous breaking of vector-like global symmetries in vector-like gauge theories.
  • A. Seiberg–Witten invariants
    Seiberg–Witten invariants are powerful topological invariants of smooth four-manifolds derived from solutions to the Seiberg–Witten equations, used to distinguish different smooth structures and study the geometry and topology of 4D spaces.
  • B. Donaldson–Thomas theory
    Donaldson–Thomas theory is a branch of algebraic geometry and mathematical physics that counts stable sheaves or ideal sheaves on Calabi–Yau threefolds, providing integer-valued invariants related to curve counting and string theory.
  • C. Atiyah–Singer index theorem
    The Atiyah–Singer index theorem is a fundamental result in mathematics that links the analytical properties of elliptic differential operators to topological invariants of manifolds, unifying analysis, topology, and geometry.
  • D. Donaldson–Uhlenbeck–Yau theorem
    The Donaldson–Uhlenbeck–Yau theorem is a fundamental result in differential and algebraic geometry that characterizes when a holomorphic vector bundle over a compact Kähler manifold admits a Hermitian–Einstein metric, linking geometric stability with the existence of such metrics.
  • E. Seiberg–Witten theory
    Seiberg–Witten theory is a framework in quantum field theory and string theory that uses supersymmetry to exactly analyze strongly coupled gauge theories, leading to profound insights into dualities and four-dimensional topology.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69e0c46f5d1c8190bf830409e98464e5 completed April 16, 2026, 11:13 a.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69f031a711dc8190a786c9849dc344e8 completed April 28, 2026, 4:03 a.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_6a0a3675ffe0819092be3df2b4440ee5 completed May 17, 2026, 9:43 p.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_6a0a376c3f88819085dcf4d2f49ea121 completed May 17, 2026, 9:47 p.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_6a0a37f8c09c8190a92f78909cfbc6e7 completed May 17, 2026, 9:49 p.m.
Created at: April 16, 2026, 6:51 p.m.