Triple

T2171601
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Riemann–Siegel formula E48437 entity
Predicate relatedTo P37 FINISHED
Object Hardy Z-function
The Hardy Z-function is a real-valued function derived from the Riemann zeta function on the critical line, used extensively in the study of the distribution of its zeros and the Riemann Hypothesis.
E239280 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Hardy Z-function | Statement: [Riemann–Siegel formula, relatedTo, Hardy Z-function]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Hardy Z-function
Context triple: [Riemann–Siegel formula, relatedTo, Hardy Z-function]
  • A. Riemann zeta function
    The Riemann zeta function is a complex-valued function central to analytic number theory, whose properties—especially the distribution of its zeros—are deeply connected to the distribution of prime numbers.
  • B. Riemann–Siegel formula
    The Riemann–Siegel formula is an asymptotic expression that efficiently approximates the Riemann zeta function on the critical line, playing a key role in the numerical study of its zeros.
  • C. Jacobi elliptic functions
    Jacobi elliptic functions are a family of doubly periodic complex functions that generalize trigonometric functions and play a central role in the theory of elliptic integrals and many areas of mathematical physics.
  • D. Weierstrass factorization theorem
    The Weierstrass factorization theorem is a fundamental result in complex analysis that expresses any entire function as an infinite product determined by its zeros, generalizing the factorization of polynomials.
  • E. Hardy–Ramanujan asymptotic formula
    The Hardy–Ramanujan asymptotic formula is a landmark result in number theory that gives an approximate expression for the partition function p(n), describing how the number of integer partitions of n grows rapidly with n.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Hardy Z-function
Triple: [Riemann–Siegel formula, relatedTo, Hardy Z-function]
Generated description
The Hardy Z-function is a real-valued function derived from the Riemann zeta function on the critical line, used extensively in the study of the distribution of its zeros and the Riemann Hypothesis.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Hardy Z-function
Target entity description: The Hardy Z-function is a real-valued function derived from the Riemann zeta function on the critical line, used extensively in the study of the distribution of its zeros and the Riemann Hypothesis.
  • A. Riemann zeta function
    The Riemann zeta function is a complex-valued function central to analytic number theory, whose properties—especially the distribution of its zeros—are deeply connected to the distribution of prime numbers.
  • B. Riemann–Siegel formula
    The Riemann–Siegel formula is an asymptotic expression that efficiently approximates the Riemann zeta function on the critical line, playing a key role in the numerical study of its zeros.
  • C. Jacobi elliptic functions
    Jacobi elliptic functions are a family of doubly periodic complex functions that generalize trigonometric functions and play a central role in the theory of elliptic integrals and many areas of mathematical physics.
  • D. Weierstrass factorization theorem
    The Weierstrass factorization theorem is a fundamental result in complex analysis that expresses any entire function as an infinite product determined by its zeros, generalizing the factorization of polynomials.
  • E. Hardy–Ramanujan asymptotic formula
    The Hardy–Ramanujan asymptotic formula is a landmark result in number theory that gives an approximate expression for the partition function p(n), describing how the number of integer partitions of n grows rapidly with n.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69a88aa3faa48190995b233af6525815 completed March 4, 2026, 7:40 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69abbec7f9088190b32127421e340788 completed March 7, 2026, 5:59 a.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69ae58f6c8c8819081a06861f6133fe9 completed March 9, 2026, 5:21 a.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69ae5989f054819082f36e5515bec3ca completed March 9, 2026, 5:24 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69ae5a12f11c81908cc345905f0a485e completed March 9, 2026, 5:26 a.m.
Created at: March 4, 2026, 7:45 p.m.