Triple
T2171601
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | Riemann–Siegel formula |
E48437
|
entity |
| Predicate | relatedTo |
P37
|
FINISHED |
| Object |
Hardy Z-function
The Hardy Z-function is a real-valued function derived from the Riemann zeta function on the critical line, used extensively in the study of the distribution of its zeros and the Riemann Hypothesis.
|
E239280
|
NE FINISHED |
How this triple was built (4 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Hardy Z-function | Statement: [Riemann–Siegel formula, relatedTo, Hardy Z-function]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Hardy Z-function Context triple: [Riemann–Siegel formula, relatedTo, Hardy Z-function]
-
A.
Riemann zeta function
The Riemann zeta function is a complex-valued function central to analytic number theory, whose properties—especially the distribution of its zeros—are deeply connected to the distribution of prime numbers.
-
B.
Riemann–Siegel formula
The Riemann–Siegel formula is an asymptotic expression that efficiently approximates the Riemann zeta function on the critical line, playing a key role in the numerical study of its zeros.
-
C.
Jacobi elliptic functions
Jacobi elliptic functions are a family of doubly periodic complex functions that generalize trigonometric functions and play a central role in the theory of elliptic integrals and many areas of mathematical physics.
-
D.
Weierstrass factorization theorem
The Weierstrass factorization theorem is a fundamental result in complex analysis that expresses any entire function as an infinite product determined by its zeros, generalizing the factorization of polynomials.
-
E.
Hardy–Ramanujan asymptotic formula
The Hardy–Ramanujan asymptotic formula is a landmark result in number theory that gives an approximate expression for the partition function p(n), describing how the number of integer partitions of n grows rapidly with n.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg
Description generation
gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. # Instructions Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential. # Response Format Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Hardy Z-function Triple: [Riemann–Siegel formula, relatedTo, Hardy Z-function]
Generated description
The Hardy Z-function is a real-valued function derived from the Riemann zeta function on the critical line, used extensively in the study of the distribution of its zeros and the Riemann Hypothesis.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Hardy Z-function Target entity description: The Hardy Z-function is a real-valued function derived from the Riemann zeta function on the critical line, used extensively in the study of the distribution of its zeros and the Riemann Hypothesis.
-
A.
Riemann zeta function
The Riemann zeta function is a complex-valued function central to analytic number theory, whose properties—especially the distribution of its zeros—are deeply connected to the distribution of prime numbers.
-
B.
Riemann–Siegel formula
The Riemann–Siegel formula is an asymptotic expression that efficiently approximates the Riemann zeta function on the critical line, playing a key role in the numerical study of its zeros.
-
C.
Jacobi elliptic functions
Jacobi elliptic functions are a family of doubly periodic complex functions that generalize trigonometric functions and play a central role in the theory of elliptic integrals and many areas of mathematical physics.
-
D.
Weierstrass factorization theorem
The Weierstrass factorization theorem is a fundamental result in complex analysis that expresses any entire function as an infinite product determined by its zeros, generalizing the factorization of polynomials.
-
E.
Hardy–Ramanujan asymptotic formula
The Hardy–Ramanujan asymptotic formula is a landmark result in number theory that gives an approximate expression for the partition function p(n), describing how the number of integer partitions of n grows rapidly with n.
- F. None of above. chosen
Provenance (5 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69a88aa3faa48190995b233af6525815 |
completed | March 4, 2026, 7:40 p.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69abbec7f9088190b32127421e340788 |
completed | March 7, 2026, 5:59 a.m. |
| NED1 | Entity disambiguation (via context triple) | batch_69ae58f6c8c8819081a06861f6133fe9 |
completed | March 9, 2026, 5:21 a.m. |
| NEDg | Description generation | batch_69ae5989f054819082f36e5515bec3ca |
completed | March 9, 2026, 5:24 a.m. |
| NED2 | Entity disambiguation (via description) | batch_69ae5a12f11c81908cc345905f0a485e |
completed | March 9, 2026, 5:26 a.m. |
Created at: March 4, 2026, 7:45 p.m.