Triple

T2157797
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Leonardo da Vinci notebooks E47930 entity
Predicate notableWork P4 FINISHED
Object Codex on the Flight of Birds
Codex on the Flight of Birds is a scientific manuscript by Leonardo da Vinci in which he analyzes bird flight and explores concepts that anticipated modern aerodynamics and human aviation.
E240540 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Codex on the Flight of Birds | Statement: [Leonardo da Vinci notebooks, notableWork, Codex on the Flight of Birds]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Codex on the Flight of Birds
Context triple: [Leonardo da Vinci notebooks, notableWork, Codex on the Flight of Birds]
  • A. The Life of Birds
    The Life of Birds is a landmark BBC nature documentary series, presented by David Attenborough, that explores the evolution, behavior, and remarkable adaptations of bird species around the world.
  • B. De arte venandi cum avibus
    De arte venandi cum avibus is a 13th-century Latin treatise on the art and science of falconry and bird behavior, renowned for its detailed observations of ornithology and hunting techniques.
  • C. All About Birds
    All About Birds is an online birding resource that provides identification guides, photos, sounds, and expert information on bird species, created and maintained by the Cornell Lab of Ornithology.
  • D. Stroud’s Digest on the Diseases of Birds
    Stroud’s Digest on the Diseases of Birds is a comprehensive avian pathology reference work written in prison by Robert Stroud, the “Birdman of Alcatraz,” detailing the diagnosis and treatment of bird illnesses.
  • E. The Mastery of Flight
    The Mastery of Flight is an episode of the nature documentary series "The Life of Birds" that explores how birds evolved and perfected the ability to fly.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Codex on the Flight of Birds
Triple: [Leonardo da Vinci notebooks, notableWork, Codex on the Flight of Birds]
Generated description
Codex on the Flight of Birds is a scientific manuscript by Leonardo da Vinci in which he analyzes bird flight and explores concepts that anticipated modern aerodynamics and human aviation.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Codex on the Flight of Birds
Target entity description: Codex on the Flight of Birds is a scientific manuscript by Leonardo da Vinci in which he analyzes bird flight and explores concepts that anticipated modern aerodynamics and human aviation.
  • A. The Life of Birds
    The Life of Birds is a landmark BBC nature documentary series, presented by David Attenborough, that explores the evolution, behavior, and remarkable adaptations of bird species around the world.
  • B. De arte venandi cum avibus
    De arte venandi cum avibus is a 13th-century Latin treatise on the art and science of falconry and bird behavior, renowned for its detailed observations of ornithology and hunting techniques.
  • C. All About Birds
    All About Birds is an online birding resource that provides identification guides, photos, sounds, and expert information on bird species, created and maintained by the Cornell Lab of Ornithology.
  • D. Stroud’s Digest on the Diseases of Birds
    Stroud’s Digest on the Diseases of Birds is a comprehensive avian pathology reference work written in prison by Robert Stroud, the “Birdman of Alcatraz,” detailing the diagnosis and treatment of bird illnesses.
  • E. The Mastery of Flight
    The Mastery of Flight is an episode of the nature documentary series "The Life of Birds" that explores how birds evolved and perfected the ability to fly.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69a88a1d1fd8819088b34990d69a712f completed March 4, 2026, 7:38 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69abbe68fe0c8190beb5db003738a6e5 completed March 7, 2026, 5:58 a.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69ae58e796e88190a8d86979c7ff952f completed March 9, 2026, 5:21 a.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69ae5989f054819082f36e5515bec3ca completed March 9, 2026, 5:24 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69ae5a10607881909849a72201399d62 completed March 9, 2026, 5:26 a.m.
Created at: March 4, 2026, 7:44 p.m.