Triple
T21248848
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | George Newbold Lawrence |
E523686
|
entity |
| Predicate | areaOfInfluence |
P9
|
FINISHED |
| Object | North American ornithology |
—
|
NE NERFINISHED |
How this triple was built (3 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: North American ornithology | Statement: [George Newbold Lawrence, areaOfInfluence, North American ornithology]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: North American ornithology Context triple: [George Newbold Lawrence, areaOfInfluence, North American ornithology]
-
A.
Birds of North America
Birds of North America is a celebrated photography book by Eliot Porter that showcases the diversity and beauty of North American bird species through his pioneering color nature photographs.
-
B.
Birds of North America (contributions)
Birds of North America (contributions) refers to John Cassin’s significant ornithological input to a major 19th-century reference work documenting the bird species of North America.
-
C.
Ornithology
"Ornithology" is a bebop jazz standard co-written by Charlie Parker that is based on the chord changes of "How High the Moon" and has become a staple of the jazz repertoire.
-
D.
Bird Studies Canada
Bird Studies Canada is a national non-profit organization dedicated to bird research, monitoring, and conservation across Canada.
-
E.
Fauna Boreali-Americana (ornithology sections)
Fauna Boreali-Americana (ornithology sections) is the ornithological portion of a 19th-century natural history work on the animals of northern North America, authored by William John Swainson and others, that provided foundational descriptions and illustrations of the region’s bird species.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: North American ornithology Target entity description: North American ornithology is the scientific study of the birds of North America, encompassing their classification, behavior, distribution, and conservation.
-
A.
Birds of North America
Birds of North America is a celebrated photography book by Eliot Porter that showcases the diversity and beauty of North American bird species through his pioneering color nature photographs.
-
B.
Birds of North America (contributions)
Birds of North America (contributions) refers to John Cassin’s significant ornithological input to a major 19th-century reference work documenting the bird species of North America.
-
C.
Ornithology
"Ornithology" is a bebop jazz standard co-written by Charlie Parker that is based on the chord changes of "How High the Moon" and has become a staple of the jazz repertoire.
-
D.
Bird Studies Canada
Bird Studies Canada is a national non-profit organization dedicated to bird research, monitoring, and conservation across Canada.
-
E.
Fauna Boreali-Americana (ornithology sections)
Fauna Boreali-Americana (ornithology sections) is the ornithological portion of a 19th-century natural history work on the animals of northern North America, authored by William John Swainson and others, that provided foundational descriptions and illustrations of the region’s bird species.
- F. None of above. chosen
Provenance (2 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69e0b5146c108190adc9adb73e90abff |
completed | April 16, 2026, 10:08 a.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69e7359c7a648190b4345336ac3be024 |
completed | April 21, 2026, 8:30 a.m. |
Created at: April 16, 2026, 3:56 p.m.