Triple

T20633593
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Noah H. Swayne E507017 entity
Predicate notableCase P4 FINISHED
Object Gelpcke v. City of Dubuque
Gelpcke v. City of Dubuque is an 1864 U.S. Supreme Court case known for its influential ruling on the protection of contract rights against retroactive changes in state law.
E1441617 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Gelpcke v. City of Dubuque | Statement: [Noah H. Swayne, notableCase, Gelpcke v. City of Dubuque]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Gelpcke v. City of Dubuque
Context triple: [Noah H. Swayne, notableCase, Gelpcke v. City of Dubuque]
  • A. South Dakota v. Dole
    South Dakota v. Dole is a 1987 U.S. Supreme Court case that upheld Congress’s power to condition federal highway funds on states adopting a minimum drinking age of 21, helping define the scope of the federal spending power.
  • B. Birchfield v. North Dakota
    Birchfield v. North Dakota is a 2016 U.S. Supreme Court decision that held warrantless breath tests are permissible as searches incident to arrest for drunk driving, but warrantless blood tests generally are not.
  • C. DeBoer v. Snyder
    DeBoer v. Snyder was a federal court case challenging Michigan’s same-sex marriage ban that became one of the key cases consolidated into the landmark Supreme Court decision in Obergefell v. Hodges, which legalized same-sex marriage nationwide.
  • D. Board of County Commissioners v. Umbehr
    Board of County Commissioners v. Umbehr is a 1996 U.S. Supreme Court decision that extended First Amendment protections to independent contractors against retaliatory termination by government entities for their protected speech.
  • E. Gebhart v. Belton
    Gebhart v. Belton was a landmark Delaware school segregation case whose rulings in favor of Black students became one of the four consolidated cases decided in Brown v. Board of Education, contributing to the Supreme Court’s rejection of “separate but equal” in public education.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Gelpcke v. City of Dubuque
Triple: [Noah H. Swayne, notableCase, Gelpcke v. City of Dubuque]
Generated description
Gelpcke v. City of Dubuque is an 1864 U.S. Supreme Court case known for its influential ruling on the protection of contract rights against retroactive changes in state law.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Gelpcke v. City of Dubuque
Target entity description: Gelpcke v. City of Dubuque is an 1864 U.S. Supreme Court case known for its influential ruling on the protection of contract rights against retroactive changes in state law.
  • A. South Dakota v. Dole
    South Dakota v. Dole is a 1987 U.S. Supreme Court case that upheld Congress’s power to condition federal highway funds on states adopting a minimum drinking age of 21, helping define the scope of the federal spending power.
  • B. Birchfield v. North Dakota
    Birchfield v. North Dakota is a 2016 U.S. Supreme Court decision that held warrantless breath tests are permissible as searches incident to arrest for drunk driving, but warrantless blood tests generally are not.
  • C. DeBoer v. Snyder
    DeBoer v. Snyder was a federal court case challenging Michigan’s same-sex marriage ban that became one of the key cases consolidated into the landmark Supreme Court decision in Obergefell v. Hodges, which legalized same-sex marriage nationwide.
  • D. Board of County Commissioners v. Umbehr
    Board of County Commissioners v. Umbehr is a 1996 U.S. Supreme Court decision that extended First Amendment protections to independent contractors against retaliatory termination by government entities for their protected speech.
  • E. Gebhart v. Belton
    Gebhart v. Belton was a landmark Delaware school segregation case whose rulings in favor of Black students became one of the four consolidated cases decided in Brown v. Board of Education, contributing to the Supreme Court’s rejection of “separate but equal” in public education.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69e0b4bd4a0081908d4e97a590a33fb2 completed April 16, 2026, 10:06 a.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69e6ad0d808c81908a60abd02a22ed92 completed April 20, 2026, 10:47 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_6a08bb243c348190987b852c07744034 completed May 16, 2026, 6:44 p.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_6a08bdd076f08190a6663d891d503a29 completed May 16, 2026, 6:56 p.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_6a08be4eddbc8190b02a5b8b96ee6a29 completed May 16, 2026, 6:58 p.m.
Created at: April 16, 2026, 11:42 a.m.