Triple

T20499772

Position	Surface form	Disambiguated ID	Type / Status
Subject	John VII Palaiologos	`E503268`	entity
Predicate	mother	`P120`	FINISHED
Object	Keratsa of Bulgaria Keratsa of Bulgaria was a 14th-century Bulgarian princess who became a Byzantine empress consort through her marriage into the Palaiologos dynasty and was the mother of Emperor John VII Palaiologos.	`E1434241`	NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini

Instruction

Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).

Input

Phrase: Keratsa of Bulgaria | Statement: [John VII Palaiologos, mother, Keratsa of Bulgaria]

NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07

Target entity: Keratsa of Bulgaria
Context triple: [John VII Palaiologos, mother, Keratsa of Bulgaria]

A. Kardam of Bulgaria
Kardam of Bulgaria was a late 8th–early 9th century Bulgarian ruler known for stabilizing the First Bulgarian Empire and successfully defending it against the Byzantine Empire.
B. Malamir of Bulgaria
Malamir of Bulgaria was a 9th-century Bulgarian khan known for consolidating and expanding the First Bulgarian Empire following the reign of Omurtag.
C. Asparuh of Bulgaria
Asparuh of Bulgaria was a 7th-century Bulgar khan who established the Bulgarian state in the Balkans and is regarded as the founder of the First Bulgarian Empire.
D. Tervel of Bulgaria
Tervel of Bulgaria was an early medieval Bulgarian khan known for strengthening the First Bulgarian Empire and aiding the Byzantine Empire, notably in repelling the Arab siege of Constantinople in 717–718.
E. Krum of Bulgaria
Krum of Bulgaria was a powerful early 9th-century Bulgarian khan known for his military victories against the Byzantine Empire and for laying foundations of a strong Bulgarian state.
F. None of above. chosen
G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.

NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1

Instruction

Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"

Input

Entity: Keratsa of Bulgaria
Triple: [John VII Palaiologos, mother, Keratsa of Bulgaria]

Generated description

Keratsa of Bulgaria was a 14th-century Bulgarian princess who became a Byzantine empress consort through her marriage into the Palaiologos dynasty and was the mother of Emperor John VII Palaiologos.

NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07

Target entity: Keratsa of Bulgaria
Target entity description: Keratsa of Bulgaria was a 14th-century Bulgarian princess who became a Byzantine empress consort through her marriage into the Palaiologos dynasty and was the mother of Emperor John VII Palaiologos.

A. Kardam of Bulgaria
Kardam of Bulgaria was a late 8th–early 9th century Bulgarian ruler known for stabilizing the First Bulgarian Empire and successfully defending it against the Byzantine Empire.
B. Malamir of Bulgaria
Malamir of Bulgaria was a 9th-century Bulgarian khan known for consolidating and expanding the First Bulgarian Empire following the reign of Omurtag.
C. Asparuh of Bulgaria
Asparuh of Bulgaria was a 7th-century Bulgar khan who established the Bulgarian state in the Balkans and is regarded as the founder of the First Bulgarian Empire.
D. Tervel of Bulgaria
Tervel of Bulgaria was an early medieval Bulgarian khan known for strengthening the First Bulgarian Empire and aiding the Byzantine Empire, notably in repelling the Arab siege of Constantinople in 717–718.
E. Krum of Bulgaria
Krum of Bulgaria was a powerful early 9th-century Bulgarian khan known for his military victories against the Byzantine Empire and for laying foundations of a strong Bulgarian state.
F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step	Stage	Batch ID	Status	When
creating	Elicitation	`batch_69e0b4b1e52c8190894281cf7e3283ab`	completed	April 16, 2026, 10:06 a.m.
NER	Named-entity recognition	`batch_69e69cc10cd08190915b6c29c6473f77`	completed	April 20, 2026, 9:38 p.m.
NED1	Entity disambiguation (via context triple)	`batch_6a0893bf5da4819087e80fa2925dd8c4`	completed	May 16, 2026, 3:56 p.m.
NEDg	Description generation	`batch_6a0894634f748190ae0a3be77125bf03`	completed	May 16, 2026, 3:59 p.m.
NED2	Entity disambiguation (via description)	`batch_6a08958072d08190a0e4ba12c7e550ea`	completed	May 16, 2026, 4:04 p.m.

Created at: April 16, 2026, 11:35 a.m.