Triple

T2020119
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Kingdom of the Lombards E44084 entity
Predicate notableMonarch P6811 FINISHED
Object Liutprand
Liutprand was a powerful early 8th-century king of the Lombards known for expanding and consolidating Lombard rule in Italy and engaging in complex relations with the Papacy and the Byzantine Empire.
E258196 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Liutprand | Statement: [Kingdom of the Lombards, notableMonarch, Liutprand]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Liutprand
Context triple: [Kingdom of the Lombards, notableMonarch, Liutprand]
  • A. Agilulf
    Agilulf was a 6th–7th century king of the Lombards known for consolidating Lombard rule in Italy and navigating complex relations with the Byzantine Empire and the papacy.
  • B. Pepin of Italy
    Pepin of Italy was a Carolingian king of the Lombards and son of Charlemagne who ruled northern Italy in the late 8th and early 9th centuries.
  • C. Arnulf of Metz
    Arnulf of Metz was a 7th-century Frankish nobleman, bishop, and statesman regarded as a founding ancestor of the Carolingian line that produced Charlemagne.
  • D. Lothair II
    Lothair II was a 9th-century Carolingian king who ruled Lotharingia and is chiefly remembered for the protracted and ultimately unsuccessful struggle to annul his marriage in order to secure a legitimate heir.
  • E. Lothair I
    Lothair I was a 9th-century Holy Roman Emperor and Frankish king whose realm, created by the Treaty of Verdun, laid the groundwork for the later division between France and Germany.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Liutprand
Triple: [Kingdom of the Lombards, notableMonarch, Liutprand]
Generated description
Liutprand was a powerful early 8th-century king of the Lombards known for expanding and consolidating Lombard rule in Italy and engaging in complex relations with the Papacy and the Byzantine Empire.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Liutprand
Target entity description: Liutprand was a powerful early 8th-century king of the Lombards known for expanding and consolidating Lombard rule in Italy and engaging in complex relations with the Papacy and the Byzantine Empire.
  • A. Agilulf
    Agilulf was a 6th–7th century king of the Lombards known for consolidating Lombard rule in Italy and navigating complex relations with the Byzantine Empire and the papacy.
  • B. Pepin of Italy
    Pepin of Italy was a Carolingian king of the Lombards and son of Charlemagne who ruled northern Italy in the late 8th and early 9th centuries.
  • C. Arnulf of Metz
    Arnulf of Metz was a 7th-century Frankish nobleman, bishop, and statesman regarded as a founding ancestor of the Carolingian line that produced Charlemagne.
  • D. Lothair II
    Lothair II was a 9th-century Carolingian king who ruled Lotharingia and is chiefly remembered for the protracted and ultimately unsuccessful struggle to annul his marriage in order to secure a legitimate heir.
  • E. Lothair I
    Lothair I was a 9th-century Holy Roman Emperor and Frankish king whose realm, created by the Treaty of Verdun, laid the groundwork for the later division between France and Germany.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69a8891201bc8190aca837be6de41579 completed March 4, 2026, 7:33 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69abb8d0bcbc8190bbbb726ecae1c51b completed March 7, 2026, 5:34 a.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69ae95eb4db481909ab7507147f1d674 completed March 9, 2026, 9:42 a.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69ae96b399608190bfa846c433612142 completed March 9, 2026, 9:45 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69ae977aac9c8190b5fecd5fea8893fd completed March 9, 2026, 9:48 a.m.
Created at: March 4, 2026, 7:38 p.m.