Triple

T19965658
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Allyn Abbott Young E479924 entity
Predicate notableWork P4 FINISHED
Object “Increasing Returns and Economic Progress”
“Increasing Returns and Economic Progress” is a seminal 1928 economic essay by Allyn A. Young that introduced the idea of increasing returns and cumulative causation as central drivers of long-run economic growth and industrial development.
E1404089 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: “Increasing Returns and Economic Progress” | Statement: [Allyn Abbott Young, notableWork, “Increasing Returns and Economic Progress”]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: “Increasing Returns and Economic Progress”
Context triple: [Allyn Abbott Young, notableWork, “Increasing Returns and Economic Progress”]
  • A. “On the Mechanics of Economic Development”
    “On the Mechanics of Economic Development” is a seminal 1988 paper by economist Robert Lucas Jr. that helped found modern endogenous growth theory by explaining how human capital accumulation and externalities drive long-run economic growth.
  • B. “Capital Accumulation and Economic Growth”
    “Capital Accumulation and Economic Growth” is a seminal work in growth theory that analyzes how investment and capital deepening drive long-run economic expansion, often associated with Nicholas Kaldor’s empirical and theoretical contributions.
  • C. Schumpeterian growth theory
    Schumpeterian growth theory is an economic framework that explains long-run economic growth primarily through innovation, entrepreneurship, and creative destruction driven by firms’ incentives to invest in new technologies.
  • D. The Process of Economic Evolution
    The Process of Economic Evolution is an essay by José Carlos Mariátegui that analyzes Peru’s historical and social development through a Marxist lens, focusing on how economic structures and class relations have shaped the country’s reality.
  • E. Introduction to Modern Economic Growth
    Introduction to Modern Economic Growth is a comprehensive graduate-level textbook that rigorously develops the theory and empirics of long-run economic growth, with a strong emphasis on microfoundations and institutional factors.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: “Increasing Returns and Economic Progress”
Triple: [Allyn Abbott Young, notableWork, “Increasing Returns and Economic Progress”]
Generated description
“Increasing Returns and Economic Progress” is a seminal 1928 economic essay by Allyn A. Young that introduced the idea of increasing returns and cumulative causation as central drivers of long-run economic growth and industrial development.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: “Increasing Returns and Economic Progress”
Target entity description: “Increasing Returns and Economic Progress” is a seminal 1928 economic essay by Allyn A. Young that introduced the idea of increasing returns and cumulative causation as central drivers of long-run economic growth and industrial development.
  • A. “On the Mechanics of Economic Development”
    “On the Mechanics of Economic Development” is a seminal 1988 paper by economist Robert Lucas Jr. that helped found modern endogenous growth theory by explaining how human capital accumulation and externalities drive long-run economic growth.
  • B. “Capital Accumulation and Economic Growth”
    “Capital Accumulation and Economic Growth” is a seminal work in growth theory that analyzes how investment and capital deepening drive long-run economic expansion, often associated with Nicholas Kaldor’s empirical and theoretical contributions.
  • C. Schumpeterian growth theory
    Schumpeterian growth theory is an economic framework that explains long-run economic growth primarily through innovation, entrepreneurship, and creative destruction driven by firms’ incentives to invest in new technologies.
  • D. The Process of Economic Evolution
    The Process of Economic Evolution is an essay by José Carlos Mariátegui that analyzes Peru’s historical and social development through a Marxist lens, focusing on how economic structures and class relations have shaped the country’s reality.
  • E. Introduction to Modern Economic Growth
    Introduction to Modern Economic Growth is a comprehensive graduate-level textbook that rigorously develops the theory and empirics of long-run economic growth, with a strong emphasis on microfoundations and institutional factors.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69d8e523c19881909f9197037200dde6 completed April 10, 2026, 11:55 a.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69e65bc4f47c8190a721f5e488150d81 completed April 20, 2026, 5 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_6a07fdd12e4c81908488a7a829ee7bc2 completed May 16, 2026, 5:17 a.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_6a07ff37a0508190af7cf7a045201338 completed May 16, 2026, 5:23 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_6a07ffad71508190a6636834b7f25434 completed May 16, 2026, 5:25 a.m.
Created at: April 10, 2026, 1:54 p.m.