Triple

T19788596
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Berger E475344 entity
Predicate hasNotableBearer P458 FINISHED
Object Raoul Berger
Raoul Berger was an American legal scholar known for his influential originalist critiques of judicial activism and constitutional interpretation.
E1396049 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Raoul Berger | Statement: [Berger, hasNotableBearer, Raoul Berger]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Raoul Berger
Context triple: [Berger, hasNotableBearer, Raoul Berger]
  • A. Philip B. Heymann
    Philip B. Heymann was an American legal scholar and former high-ranking U.S. Justice Department official known for his work in criminal law, national security, and public service.
  • B. Lewis J. Perelman
    Lewis J. Perelman is an American author and policy analyst known for his work on education reform, technology, and economic competitiveness.
  • C. Karl Llewellyn
    Karl Llewellyn was a prominent 20th-century American legal scholar and leading figure of the legal realism movement, known especially for his role in drafting the Uniform Commercial Code.
  • D. Geoffrey Arend
    Geoffrey Arend is an American actor known for his character roles in film and television, including a prominent part on the political drama series "Madam Secretary."
  • E. Edward Schempp
    Edward Schempp was the lead plaintiff in the landmark U.S. Supreme Court case Abington School District v. Schempp, which challenged mandatory Bible readings in public schools and helped establish stronger separation of church and state.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Raoul Berger
Triple: [Berger, hasNotableBearer, Raoul Berger]
Generated description
Raoul Berger was an American legal scholar known for his influential originalist critiques of judicial activism and constitutional interpretation.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Raoul Berger
Target entity description: Raoul Berger was an American legal scholar known for his influential originalist critiques of judicial activism and constitutional interpretation.
  • A. Philip B. Heymann
    Philip B. Heymann was an American legal scholar and former high-ranking U.S. Justice Department official known for his work in criminal law, national security, and public service.
  • B. Lewis J. Perelman
    Lewis J. Perelman is an American author and policy analyst known for his work on education reform, technology, and economic competitiveness.
  • C. Karl Llewellyn
    Karl Llewellyn was a prominent 20th-century American legal scholar and leading figure of the legal realism movement, known especially for his role in drafting the Uniform Commercial Code.
  • D. Geoffrey Arend
    Geoffrey Arend is an American actor known for his character roles in film and television, including a prominent part on the political drama series "Madam Secretary."
  • E. Edward Schempp
    Edward Schempp was the lead plaintiff in the landmark U.S. Supreme Court case Abington School District v. Schempp, which challenged mandatory Bible readings in public schools and helped establish stronger separation of church and state.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69d8e51b014081908b263e167370529a completed April 10, 2026, 11:55 a.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69e65389c9ac81909e61b3cbb9213e72 completed April 20, 2026, 4:25 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_6a07c4fbbdac81909bb56c3bbd80cb92 completed May 16, 2026, 1:14 a.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_6a07c5aea8948190b6e5bbcea8053478 completed May 16, 2026, 1:17 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_6a07c6846fb481908e1d5aae2c53a7ba completed May 16, 2026, 1:21 a.m.
Created at: April 10, 2026, 1:49 p.m.