Triple
T19137645
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | The Refusal of Time |
E468473
|
entity |
| Predicate | collaborator |
P11349
|
FINISHED |
| Object | Peter Galison |
—
|
NE NERFINISHED |
How this triple was built (3 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Peter Galison | Statement: [The Refusal of Time, collaborator, Peter Galison]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Peter Galison Context triple: [The Refusal of Time, collaborator, Peter Galison]
-
A.
Michael Wigert
Michael Wigert is a film producer best known for his work on animated features such as Disney's "Secret of the Wings."
-
B.
Timothy Ferris
Timothy Ferris is an American science writer and journalist known for his popular books on astronomy and cosmology and for helping bring complex scientific ideas to a broad audience.
-
C.
David L. Goodstein
David L. Goodstein is an American physicist and educator known for his work in condensed matter physics, science education, and authorship of popular science books.
-
D.
Nicholas Sagan
Nicholas Sagan is the son of science communicator Ann Druyan and famed astronomer Carl Sagan.
-
E.
Owen Gingerich
Owen Gingerich was an American astronomer and historian of science known for his influential research on Copernicus and the history of early modern astronomy.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Peter Galison Target entity description: Peter Galison is an American historian and philosopher of science known for his influential work on the history of physics, scientific observation, and the interplay between science, technology, and culture.
-
A.
Michael Wigert
Michael Wigert is a film producer best known for his work on animated features such as Disney's "Secret of the Wings."
-
B.
Timothy Ferris
Timothy Ferris is an American science writer and journalist known for his popular books on astronomy and cosmology and for helping bring complex scientific ideas to a broad audience.
-
C.
David L. Goodstein
David L. Goodstein is an American physicist and educator known for his work in condensed matter physics, science education, and authorship of popular science books.
-
D.
Nicholas Sagan
Nicholas Sagan is the son of science communicator Ann Druyan and famed astronomer Carl Sagan.
-
E.
Owen Gingerich
Owen Gingerich was an American astronomer and historian of science known for his influential research on Copernicus and the history of early modern astronomy.
- F. None of above. chosen
Provenance (2 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69d8dd0796a48190b34ce4cd9d3f3be5 |
completed | April 10, 2026, 11:20 a.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69e5e3edd1c48190b86bef530ebbd092 |
completed | April 20, 2026, 8:29 a.m. |
Created at: April 10, 2026, 12:05 p.m.