Triple

T18985498

Position	Surface form	Disambiguated ID	Type / Status
Subject	Article 21 of the Kyoto Protocol	`E464544`	entity
Predicate	relatedTo	`P37`	FINISHED
Object	Article 20 of the Kyoto Protocol Article 20 of the Kyoto Protocol is the provision that sets out the formal procedures for proposing and adopting amendments to the Protocol.	`E1352429`	NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini

Instruction

Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).

Input

Phrase: Article 20 of the Kyoto Protocol | Statement: [Article 21 of the Kyoto Protocol, relatedTo, Article 20 of the Kyoto Protocol]

NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07

Target entity: Article 20 of the Kyoto Protocol
Context triple: [Article 21 of the Kyoto Protocol, relatedTo, Article 20 of the Kyoto Protocol]

A. Article 21 of the Kyoto Protocol
Article 21 of the Kyoto Protocol is the provision that sets out the procedures for adopting amendments to the Protocol, including those that strengthen or extend its climate commitments.
B. Article 17 of the Kyoto Protocol
Article 17 of the Kyoto Protocol is the provision that establishes and governs the international emissions trading system, allowing countries to trade greenhouse gas emission allowances to meet their climate commitments.
C. Article 6 of the Kyoto Protocol
Article 6 of the Kyoto Protocol is the provision that establishes the rules for Joint Implementation, allowing industrialized countries to earn emission reduction units by investing in emission-reducing projects in other developed countries.
D. Annex B of the Kyoto Protocol
Annex B of the Kyoto Protocol is the schedule that lists industrialized countries and their quantified greenhouse gas emission reduction or limitation commitments under the treaty.
E. Kyoto Protocol
The Kyoto Protocol is an international treaty under the UN climate regime that legally binds industrialized countries to reduce greenhouse gas emissions through quantified targets and market-based mechanisms.
F. None of above. chosen
G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.

NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1

Instruction

Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"

Input

Entity: Article 20 of the Kyoto Protocol
Triple: [Article 21 of the Kyoto Protocol, relatedTo, Article 20 of the Kyoto Protocol]

Generated description

Article 20 of the Kyoto Protocol is the provision that sets out the formal procedures for proposing and adopting amendments to the Protocol.

NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07

Target entity: Article 20 of the Kyoto Protocol
Target entity description: Article 20 of the Kyoto Protocol is the provision that sets out the formal procedures for proposing and adopting amendments to the Protocol.

A. Article 21 of the Kyoto Protocol
Article 21 of the Kyoto Protocol is the provision that sets out the procedures for adopting amendments to the Protocol, including those that strengthen or extend its climate commitments.
B. Article 17 of the Kyoto Protocol
Article 17 of the Kyoto Protocol is the provision that establishes and governs the international emissions trading system, allowing countries to trade greenhouse gas emission allowances to meet their climate commitments.
C. Article 6 of the Kyoto Protocol
Article 6 of the Kyoto Protocol is the provision that establishes the rules for Joint Implementation, allowing industrialized countries to earn emission reduction units by investing in emission-reducing projects in other developed countries.
D. Annex B of the Kyoto Protocol
Annex B of the Kyoto Protocol is the schedule that lists industrialized countries and their quantified greenhouse gas emission reduction or limitation commitments under the treaty.
E. Kyoto Protocol
The Kyoto Protocol is an international treaty under the UN climate regime that legally binds industrialized countries to reduce greenhouse gas emissions through quantified targets and market-based mechanisms.
F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step	Stage	Batch ID	Status	When
creating	Elicitation	`batch_69d8dd008af48190a97ff1c6488edf1b`	completed	April 10, 2026, 11:20 a.m.
NER	Named-entity recognition	`batch_69e5d65f7f08819088f56e8e030851b1`	completed	April 20, 2026, 7:31 a.m.
NED1	Entity disambiguation (via context triple)	`batch_6a05ad4717f48190a950ac569b8bcf12`	completed	May 14, 2026, 11:08 a.m.
NEDg	Description generation	`batch_6a05aedf05c4819096ac6a61ada4b310`	completed	May 14, 2026, 11:15 a.m.
NED2	Entity disambiguation (via description)	`batch_6a05afe523208190a97142cd8e3b887b`	completed	May 14, 2026, 11:20 a.m.

Created at: April 10, 2026, 12:01 p.m.