Triple

T18865174
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Bogoliubov–Parasyuk theorem E461418 entity
Predicate concerns P1256 FINISHED
Object Feynman integrals
Feynman integrals are mathematical expressions in quantum field theory that represent the contributions of different particle interaction histories to physical processes, typically formulated as integrals over momenta associated with Feynman diagrams.
E1347499 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Feynman integrals | Statement: [Bogoliubov–Parasyuk theorem, concerns, Feynman integrals]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Feynman integrals
Context triple: [Bogoliubov–Parasyuk theorem, concerns, Feynman integrals]
  • A. Feynman diagrams
    Feynman diagrams are graphical representations used in quantum field theory to visualize and calculate particle interactions and processes.
  • B. Schwinger–Dyson equations
    The Schwinger–Dyson equations are a set of integral equations in quantum field theory that relate correlation functions and encode the full dynamics of a quantum field.
  • C. Feynman path integral
    The Feynman path integral is a formulation of quantum mechanics in which a particle’s behavior is described as a sum over all possible paths it can take, each weighted by a phase factor derived from the classical action.
  • D. Slavnov–Taylor identities
    Slavnov–Taylor identities are relations in non-Abelian gauge theories that generalize Ward identities, ensuring the consistency and renormalizability of gauge-invariant quantum field theories.
  • E. Renormalization and Galois Theories
    Renormalization and Galois Theories is a mathematical physics work that connects the renormalization process in quantum field theory with Galois theory and motives, revealing deep arithmetic and geometric structures underlying quantum phenomena.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Feynman integrals
Triple: [Bogoliubov–Parasyuk theorem, concerns, Feynman integrals]
Generated description
Feynman integrals are mathematical expressions in quantum field theory that represent the contributions of different particle interaction histories to physical processes, typically formulated as integrals over momenta associated with Feynman diagrams.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Feynman integrals
Target entity description: Feynman integrals are mathematical expressions in quantum field theory that represent the contributions of different particle interaction histories to physical processes, typically formulated as integrals over momenta associated with Feynman diagrams.
  • A. Feynman diagrams
    Feynman diagrams are graphical representations used in quantum field theory to visualize and calculate particle interactions and processes.
  • B. Schwinger–Dyson equations
    The Schwinger–Dyson equations are a set of integral equations in quantum field theory that relate correlation functions and encode the full dynamics of a quantum field.
  • C. Feynman path integral
    The Feynman path integral is a formulation of quantum mechanics in which a particle’s behavior is described as a sum over all possible paths it can take, each weighted by a phase factor derived from the classical action.
  • D. Slavnov–Taylor identities
    Slavnov–Taylor identities are relations in non-Abelian gauge theories that generalize Ward identities, ensuring the consistency and renormalizability of gauge-invariant quantum field theories.
  • E. Renormalization and Galois Theories
    Renormalization and Galois Theories is a mathematical physics work that connects the renormalization process in quantum field theory with Galois theory and motives, revealing deep arithmetic and geometric structures underlying quantum phenomena.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69d8dcfb7b9c8190854e7b171b98ea2e completed April 10, 2026, 11:20 a.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69e5c2a5074481908941fcbb3b3eefa2 completed April 20, 2026, 6:07 a.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_6a0575b902ec8190bcda2ab33b87bea4 completed May 14, 2026, 7:11 a.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_6a057927ddd881908809c9c27e1ae5a2 completed May 14, 2026, 7:26 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_6a0579982b4c8190a7cff4d2946bc15d completed May 14, 2026, 7:28 a.m.
Created at: April 10, 2026, 11:57 a.m.