Triple
T1861689
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | Norman J. Zabusky |
E34827
|
entity |
| Predicate | notableWork |
P4
|
FINISHED |
| Object |
Interaction of solitons in a collisionless plasma and the recurrence of initial states
"Interaction of solitons in a collisionless plasma and the recurrence of initial states" is a landmark 1965 paper by Norman J. Zabusky and Martin Kruskal that introduced the concept of solitons and demonstrated their particle-like interactions and recurrence behavior in nonlinear wave systems.
|
E207976
|
NE FINISHED |
How this triple was built (4 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Interaction of solitons in a collisionless plasma and the recurrence of initial states | Statement: [Norman J. Zabusky, notableWork, Interaction of solitons in a collisionless plasma and the recurrence of initial states]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Interaction of solitons in a collisionless plasma and the recurrence of initial states Context triple: [Norman J. Zabusky, notableWork, Interaction of solitons in a collisionless plasma and the recurrence of initial states]
-
A.
Commission H – Waves in Plasmas
Commission H – Waves in Plasmas is a specialized body within the International Union of Radio Science that focuses on the study and advancement of wave phenomena in plasmas and related space and laboratory environments.
-
B.
Gross–Pitaevskii equation
The Gross–Pitaevskii equation is a nonlinear Schrödinger-type equation that describes the macroscopic wavefunction and dynamics of weakly interacting Bose gases at ultra-cold temperatures.
-
C.
On a Heuristic Point of View Concerning the Production and Transformation of Light
"On a Heuristic Point of View Concerning the Production and Transformation of Light" is Albert Einstein’s 1905 paper that introduced the concept of light quanta (photons), laying the foundation for quantum theory and explaining the photoelectric effect.
-
D.
Kapitza–Dirac effect
The Kapitza–Dirac effect is a quantum phenomenon in which a beam of particles, such as electrons or atoms, is diffracted by a standing wave of light, demonstrating the wave-particle duality of matter.
-
E.
Hanbury Brown and Twiss effect
The Hanbury Brown and Twiss effect is a quantum optical phenomenon in which correlations in the arrival times of identical particles, such as photons, reveal their underlying statistical and coherence properties.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg
Description generation
gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. # Instructions Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential. # Response Format Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Interaction of solitons in a collisionless plasma and the recurrence of initial states Triple: [Norman J. Zabusky, notableWork, Interaction of solitons in a collisionless plasma and the recurrence of initial states]
Generated description
"Interaction of solitons in a collisionless plasma and the recurrence of initial states" is a landmark 1965 paper by Norman J. Zabusky and Martin Kruskal that introduced the concept of solitons and demonstrated their particle-like interactions and recurrence behavior in nonlinear wave systems.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Interaction of solitons in a collisionless plasma and the recurrence of initial states Target entity description: "Interaction of solitons in a collisionless plasma and the recurrence of initial states" is a landmark 1965 paper by Norman J. Zabusky and Martin Kruskal that introduced the concept of solitons and demonstrated their particle-like interactions and recurrence behavior in nonlinear wave systems.
-
A.
Commission H – Waves in Plasmas
Commission H – Waves in Plasmas is a specialized body within the International Union of Radio Science that focuses on the study and advancement of wave phenomena in plasmas and related space and laboratory environments.
-
B.
Gross–Pitaevskii equation
The Gross–Pitaevskii equation is a nonlinear Schrödinger-type equation that describes the macroscopic wavefunction and dynamics of weakly interacting Bose gases at ultra-cold temperatures.
-
C.
On a Heuristic Point of View Concerning the Production and Transformation of Light
"On a Heuristic Point of View Concerning the Production and Transformation of Light" is Albert Einstein’s 1905 paper that introduced the concept of light quanta (photons), laying the foundation for quantum theory and explaining the photoelectric effect.
-
D.
Kapitza–Dirac effect
The Kapitza–Dirac effect is a quantum phenomenon in which a beam of particles, such as electrons or atoms, is diffracted by a standing wave of light, demonstrating the wave-particle duality of matter.
-
E.
Hanbury Brown and Twiss effect
The Hanbury Brown and Twiss effect is a quantum optical phenomenon in which correlations in the arrival times of identical particles, such as photons, reveal their underlying statistical and coherence properties.
- F. None of above. chosen
Provenance (5 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69a88600b2f88190bc09303e68ab517e |
completed | March 4, 2026, 7:20 p.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69abb09e714881909cef0f7e77b5b3b9 |
completed | March 7, 2026, 4:59 a.m. |
| NED1 | Entity disambiguation (via context triple) | batch_69add1d026748190a507872de85c908d |
completed | March 8, 2026, 7:45 p.m. |
| NEDg | Description generation | batch_69add2729498819082f6595c57f545a8 |
completed | March 8, 2026, 7:48 p.m. |
| NED2 | Entity disambiguation (via description) | batch_69add32c32b08190be6624eefa2fa386 |
completed | March 8, 2026, 7:51 p.m. |
Created at: March 4, 2026, 7:34 p.m.