Triple

T18436770
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Clean Development Mechanism E450411 entity
Predicate creditUnitName P98440 FINISHED
Object Certified Emission Reduction
Certified Emission Reduction is a tradable carbon credit issued under the Kyoto Protocol’s Clean Development Mechanism for verified reductions of greenhouse gas emissions in developing countries.
E1323577 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (5 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Certified Emission Reduction | Statement: [Clean Development Mechanism, creditUnitName, Certified Emission Reduction]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Certified Emission Reduction
Context triple: [Clean Development Mechanism, creditUnitName, Certified Emission Reduction]
  • A. Clean Development Mechanism
    The Clean Development Mechanism is a United Nations climate policy tool under the Kyoto Protocol that allows industrialized countries to fund emission-reduction projects in developing nations and earn carbon credits in return.
  • B. EU Emissions Trading System
    The EU Emissions Trading System is the European Union’s cap-and-trade carbon market that limits greenhouse gas emissions by requiring companies to hold tradable allowances for each tonne of CO₂ they emit.
  • C. ISO 14064 series
    The ISO 14064 series is a set of international standards that provide principles and requirements for quantifying, monitoring, reporting, and verifying greenhouse gas emissions and removals at the organizational and project levels.
  • D. REDD+
    REDD+ is an international climate policy framework that incentivizes developing countries to reduce emissions from deforestation and forest degradation while promoting conservation, sustainable forest management, and enhancement of forest carbon stocks.
  • E. Carbon Fund
    Carbon Fund is a Conservation International program that supports climate change mitigation by financing projects that reduce or offset greenhouse gas emissions through forest conservation and sustainable land-use initiatives.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Certified Emission Reduction
Triple: [Clean Development Mechanism, creditUnitName, Certified Emission Reduction]
Generated description
Certified Emission Reduction is a tradable carbon credit issued under the Kyoto Protocol’s Clean Development Mechanism for verified reductions of greenhouse gas emissions in developing countries.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Certified Emission Reduction
Target entity description: Certified Emission Reduction is a tradable carbon credit issued under the Kyoto Protocol’s Clean Development Mechanism for verified reductions of greenhouse gas emissions in developing countries.
  • A. Clean Development Mechanism
    The Clean Development Mechanism is a United Nations climate policy tool under the Kyoto Protocol that allows industrialized countries to fund emission-reduction projects in developing nations and earn carbon credits in return.
  • B. EU Emissions Trading System
    The EU Emissions Trading System is the European Union’s cap-and-trade carbon market that limits greenhouse gas emissions by requiring companies to hold tradable allowances for each tonne of CO₂ they emit.
  • C. ISO 14064 series
    The ISO 14064 series is a set of international standards that provide principles and requirements for quantifying, monitoring, reporting, and verifying greenhouse gas emissions and removals at the organizational and project levels.
  • D. REDD+
    REDD+ is an international climate policy framework that incentivizes developing countries to reduce emissions from deforestation and forest degradation while promoting conservation, sustainable forest management, and enhancement of forest carbon stocks.
  • E. Carbon Fund
    Carbon Fund is a Conservation International program that supports climate change mitigation by financing projects that reduce or offset greenhouse gas emissions through forest conservation and sustainable land-use initiatives.
  • F. None of above. chosen
PD Predicate disambiguation gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target predicate: creditUnitName
Context triple: [Clean Development Mechanism, creditUnitName, Certified Emission Reduction]
  • A. courseCreditType
    Indicates the type or category of academic credit associated with a course.
  • B. teachingUnit
    Indicates that one entity functions as an instructional or educational unit used for teaching another entity.
  • C. designationUnit chosen
    Indicates that one entity serves as the unit or standard of measure used to designate, label, or quantify another entity.
  • D. courseName
    Indicates the specific name or title assigned to a course in an educational context.
  • E. universityUnitType
    Indicates the specific category or type of organizational unit within a university (such as department, faculty, school, or institute) that an entity belongs to.
  • F. None of above.

Provenance (6 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69d8d381d6388190a9e94e9c658174e4 completed April 10, 2026, 10:40 a.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69e51c0cd30c8190b8417c264e60d3a5 completed April 19, 2026, 6:16 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_6a03f0b392988190ba3099ee8d1eb822 completed May 13, 2026, 3:32 a.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_6a03f2c5e57081909e5b81a5b0e3833d completed May 13, 2026, 3:40 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_6a03f3a57cb881909c0ba0b559f9c06b completed May 13, 2026, 3:44 a.m.
PD Predicate disambiguation batch_69e469c943a4819094c8fdc5971ad3a7 completed April 19, 2026, 5:36 a.m.
Created at: April 10, 2026, 11:29 a.m.