Triple

T1809183
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject James Kirkwood (mathematician) E40289 entity
Predicate notableWork P4 FINISHED
Object Kirkwood approximation in statistical mechanics
The Kirkwood approximation in statistical mechanics is a method for approximating many-particle correlation functions by expressing higher-order correlations in terms of lower-order ones, simplifying the description of interacting particle systems.
E200731 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Kirkwood approximation in statistical mechanics | Statement: [James Kirkwood (mathematician), notableWork, Kirkwood approximation in statistical mechanics]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Kirkwood approximation in statistical mechanics
Context triple: [James Kirkwood (mathematician), notableWork, Kirkwood approximation in statistical mechanics]
  • A. Boltzmann–Gibbs entropy in statistical mechanics
    Boltzmann–Gibbs entropy in statistical mechanics is the standard measure of disorder or uncertainty in a system, quantifying how many microscopic configurations correspond to a given macroscopic state and forming the basis of classical equilibrium statistical mechanics.
  • B. The Principles of Statistical Mechanics
    The Principles of Statistical Mechanics is a classic 1938 textbook by Richard C. Tolman that systematically develops the foundations of statistical mechanics and its applications to thermodynamics and physical chemistry.
  • C. Onsager reciprocal relations
    Onsager reciprocal relations are fundamental symmetry relations in nonequilibrium thermodynamics that link pairs of coupled fluxes and forces, showing that certain transport coefficients are equal.
  • D. Maxwell–Boltzmann statistics
    Maxwell–Boltzmann statistics is a classical statistical framework in physics that describes the distribution of speeds or energies among distinguishable, non-quantum particles in thermal equilibrium.
  • E. Onsager–Machlup function
    The Onsager–Machlup function is a functional in stochastic process theory that characterizes the most probable paths of fluctuating systems, playing a key role in nonequilibrium statistical mechanics and large deviation theory.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Kirkwood approximation in statistical mechanics
Triple: [James Kirkwood (mathematician), notableWork, Kirkwood approximation in statistical mechanics]
Generated description
The Kirkwood approximation in statistical mechanics is a method for approximating many-particle correlation functions by expressing higher-order correlations in terms of lower-order ones, simplifying the description of interacting particle systems.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Kirkwood approximation in statistical mechanics
Target entity description: The Kirkwood approximation in statistical mechanics is a method for approximating many-particle correlation functions by expressing higher-order correlations in terms of lower-order ones, simplifying the description of interacting particle systems.
  • A. Boltzmann–Gibbs entropy in statistical mechanics
    Boltzmann–Gibbs entropy in statistical mechanics is the standard measure of disorder or uncertainty in a system, quantifying how many microscopic configurations correspond to a given macroscopic state and forming the basis of classical equilibrium statistical mechanics.
  • B. The Principles of Statistical Mechanics
    The Principles of Statistical Mechanics is a classic 1938 textbook by Richard C. Tolman that systematically develops the foundations of statistical mechanics and its applications to thermodynamics and physical chemistry.
  • C. Onsager reciprocal relations
    Onsager reciprocal relations are fundamental symmetry relations in nonequilibrium thermodynamics that link pairs of coupled fluxes and forces, showing that certain transport coefficients are equal.
  • D. Maxwell–Boltzmann statistics
    Maxwell–Boltzmann statistics is a classical statistical framework in physics that describes the distribution of speeds or energies among distinguishable, non-quantum particles in thermal equilibrium.
  • E. Onsager–Machlup function
    The Onsager–Machlup function is a functional in stochastic process theory that characterizes the most probable paths of fluctuating systems, playing a key role in nonequilibrium statistical mechanics and large deviation theory.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69a88643a3388190a612f2ebe1fb29e7 completed March 4, 2026, 7:21 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69aa65c310d88190bfd9c27fa238e648 completed March 6, 2026, 5:27 a.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69adb5e137bc81908294dd6b67789526 completed March 8, 2026, 5:46 p.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69adb69d10188190b78bece656249ecd completed March 8, 2026, 5:49 p.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69adb8c122e881908f0640edc5aaf305 completed March 8, 2026, 5:58 p.m.
Created at: March 4, 2026, 7:32 p.m.