Triple
T1807148
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | Claudius Ptolemaeus |
E40246
|
entity |
| Predicate | notableWork |
P4
|
FINISHED |
| Object |
Optics
Optics is an influential ancient treatise by Claudius Ptolemy that systematically explores the behavior of light, including reflection, refraction, and visual perception.
|
E200663
|
NE FINISHED |
How this triple was built (4 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Optics | Statement: [Claudius Ptolemaeus, notableWork, Optics]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Optics Context triple: [Claudius Ptolemaeus, notableWork, Optics]
-
A.
Newtonian optics
Newtonian optics is the branch of physics developed by Isaac Newton that explains light primarily as a stream of particles to account for reflection, refraction, and color phenomena.
-
B.
Fourier optics
Fourier optics is a branch of optics that uses Fourier transform methods to analyze and design optical systems, particularly the propagation and diffraction of light waves.
-
C.
Applied Optics
Applied Optics is a peer-reviewed scientific journal focusing on research in optics, photonics, and related applied technologies.
-
D.
Optics Letters
Optics Letters is a leading peer-reviewed scientific journal focusing on rapid publication of short, high-impact research papers in all areas of optics and photonics.
-
E.
Principles of Optics
Principles of Optics is a seminal textbook that rigorously develops the theory of electromagnetic waves and optical phenomena, profoundly shaping modern physical optics.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg
Description generation
gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. # Instructions Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential. # Response Format Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Optics Triple: [Claudius Ptolemaeus, notableWork, Optics]
Generated description
Optics is an influential ancient treatise by Claudius Ptolemy that systematically explores the behavior of light, including reflection, refraction, and visual perception.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Optics Target entity description: Optics is an influential ancient treatise by Claudius Ptolemy that systematically explores the behavior of light, including reflection, refraction, and visual perception.
-
A.
Newtonian optics
Newtonian optics is the branch of physics developed by Isaac Newton that explains light primarily as a stream of particles to account for reflection, refraction, and color phenomena.
-
B.
Fourier optics
Fourier optics is a branch of optics that uses Fourier transform methods to analyze and design optical systems, particularly the propagation and diffraction of light waves.
-
C.
Applied Optics
Applied Optics is a peer-reviewed scientific journal focusing on research in optics, photonics, and related applied technologies.
-
D.
Optics Letters
Optics Letters is a leading peer-reviewed scientific journal focusing on rapid publication of short, high-impact research papers in all areas of optics and photonics.
-
E.
Principles of Optics
Principles of Optics is a seminal textbook that rigorously develops the theory of electromagnetic waves and optical phenomena, profoundly shaping modern physical optics.
- F. None of above. chosen
Provenance (5 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69a88643a3388190a612f2ebe1fb29e7 |
completed | March 4, 2026, 7:21 p.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69aa6598bd388190b5aa69b972cc8f0a |
completed | March 6, 2026, 5:26 a.m. |
| NED1 | Entity disambiguation (via context triple) | batch_69adb5e137bc81908294dd6b67789526 |
completed | March 8, 2026, 5:46 p.m. |
| NEDg | Description generation | batch_69adb69d10188190b78bece656249ecd |
completed | March 8, 2026, 5:49 p.m. |
| NED2 | Entity disambiguation (via description) | batch_69adb8c122e881908f0640edc5aaf305 |
completed | March 8, 2026, 5:58 p.m. |
Created at: March 4, 2026, 7:32 p.m.