Triple

T17674747
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Spec# E440617 entity
Predicate developer P73 FINISHED
Object K. Rustan M. Leino — NE NERFINISHED

How this triple was built (3 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: K. Rustan M. Leino | Statement: [Spec#, developer, K. Rustan M. Leino]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07 
Target entity: K. Rustan M. Leino
Context triple: [Spec#, developer, K. Rustan M. Leino]
  • A. Juhani Aho
    Juhani Aho was a Finnish author and journalist, regarded as one of Finland’s most important early modern writers and a key figure in the development of Finnish-language literature.
  • B. Kalevi Aho
    Kalevi Aho is a Finnish contemporary composer renowned for his expansive symphonic output, concertos, and works often inspired by Finnish literature and mythology.
  • C. Johannes Eisermann
    Johannes Eisermann is a scholar known for his professorship at the European University Viadrina in Frankfurt (Oder), where he has made notable academic contributions.
  • D. Esko Aho
    Esko Aho is a Finnish politician who served as Prime Minister in the early 1990s and later became known for his roles in business and academia.
  • E. Markus Oberhumer
    Markus Oberhumer is an Austrian software developer best known as the creator of the UPX executable packer and contributor to various open-source compression and optimization tools.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07 
Target entity: K. Rustan M. Leino
Target entity description: K. Rustan M. Leino is a computer scientist known for his influential work in program verification and the design of specification and verification tools such as Spec# and Dafny.
  • A. Juhani Aho
    Juhani Aho was a Finnish author and journalist, regarded as one of Finland’s most important early modern writers and a key figure in the development of Finnish-language literature.
  • B. Kalevi Aho
    Kalevi Aho is a Finnish contemporary composer renowned for his expansive symphonic output, concertos, and works often inspired by Finnish literature and mythology.
  • C. Johannes Eisermann
    Johannes Eisermann is a scholar known for his professorship at the European University Viadrina in Frankfurt (Oder), where he has made notable academic contributions.
  • D. Esko Aho
    Esko Aho is a Finnish politician who served as Prime Minister in the early 1990s and later became known for his roles in business and academia.
  • E. Markus Oberhumer
    Markus Oberhumer is an Austrian software developer best known as the creator of the UPX executable packer and contributor to various open-source compression and optimization tools.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (2 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69d8b9e87e18819087104a44dc4dc5b1 completed April 10, 2026, 8:50 a.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69e46f6ba22081909e2099490c047378 completed April 19, 2026, 6 a.m.
Created at: April 10, 2026, 10 a.m.