Triple
T17536923
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | Gary Clyde Hufbauer |
E427084
|
entity |
| Predicate | hasWritten |
P2831
|
FINISHED |
| Object |
US Taxation of Foreign Income
US Taxation of Foreign Income is a scholarly work analyzing how the United States taxes income earned abroad, with particular focus on policy design, economic impacts, and international competitiveness.
|
E1274010
|
NE FINISHED |
How this triple was built (4 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: US Taxation of Foreign Income | Statement: [Gary Clyde Hufbauer, hasWritten, US Taxation of Foreign Income]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: US Taxation of Foreign Income Context triple: [Gary Clyde Hufbauer, hasWritten, US Taxation of Foreign Income]
-
A.
United States – Tax Treatment for “Foreign Sales Corporations”
United States – Tax Treatment for “Foreign Sales Corporations” is a landmark World Trade Organization dispute case concerning U.S. tax subsidies for export-related income that were found to constitute prohibited export subsidies under WTO rules.
-
B.
United States federal tax system
The United States federal tax system is the national framework of laws, regulations, and administrative mechanisms through which the federal government raises revenue from individuals, businesses, and other entities.
-
C.
International Taxation unit
The International Taxation unit is a specialized division of the Israel Tax Authority responsible for handling cross-border tax matters, international tax policy, and enforcement related to foreign income and transactions.
-
D.
United States in tax litigation
The United States in tax litigation is the federal government acting as a party in legal disputes over the interpretation, assessment, or collection of federal taxes.
-
E.
Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act
The Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act is a U.S. law designed to combat offshore tax evasion by requiring foreign financial institutions and certain U.S. taxpayers to report information about financial accounts held outside the United States.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg
Description generation
gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. # Instructions Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential. # Response Format Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: US Taxation of Foreign Income Triple: [Gary Clyde Hufbauer, hasWritten, US Taxation of Foreign Income]
Generated description
US Taxation of Foreign Income is a scholarly work analyzing how the United States taxes income earned abroad, with particular focus on policy design, economic impacts, and international competitiveness.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: US Taxation of Foreign Income Target entity description: US Taxation of Foreign Income is a scholarly work analyzing how the United States taxes income earned abroad, with particular focus on policy design, economic impacts, and international competitiveness.
-
A.
United States – Tax Treatment for “Foreign Sales Corporations”
United States – Tax Treatment for “Foreign Sales Corporations” is a landmark World Trade Organization dispute case concerning U.S. tax subsidies for export-related income that were found to constitute prohibited export subsidies under WTO rules.
-
B.
United States federal tax system
The United States federal tax system is the national framework of laws, regulations, and administrative mechanisms through which the federal government raises revenue from individuals, businesses, and other entities.
-
C.
International Taxation unit
The International Taxation unit is a specialized division of the Israel Tax Authority responsible for handling cross-border tax matters, international tax policy, and enforcement related to foreign income and transactions.
-
D.
United States in tax litigation
The United States in tax litigation is the federal government acting as a party in legal disputes over the interpretation, assessment, or collection of federal taxes.
-
E.
Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act
The Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act is a U.S. law designed to combat offshore tax evasion by requiring foreign financial institutions and certain U.S. taxpayers to report information about financial accounts held outside the United States.
- F. None of above. chosen
Provenance (5 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69d889de677081909b22d2657b1f0292 |
completed | April 10, 2026, 5:25 a.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69e4536d03dc81908b8a58f66657c01a |
completed | April 19, 2026, 4 a.m. |
| NED1 | Entity disambiguation (via context triple) | batch_6a01c95009fc81909ab2a341c105b046 |
completed | May 11, 2026, 12:19 p.m. |
| NEDg | Description generation | batch_6a01cb6b09648190972d5b26bea7b5bf |
completed | May 11, 2026, 12:28 p.m. |
| NED2 | Entity disambiguation (via description) | batch_6a01cbe36900819080ae960724848db8 |
completed | May 11, 2026, 12:30 p.m. |
Created at: April 10, 2026, 5:49 a.m.