Triple

T17529592
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Luca Pacioli E426893 entity
Predicate notableWork P4 FINISHED
Object Summa de arithmetica, geometria, proportioni et proportionalità
Summa de arithmetica, geometria, proportioni et proportionalità is a landmark 1494 mathematics treatise by Luca Pacioli that systematized arithmetic, algebra, and geometry and contained the first published description of double-entry bookkeeping.
E1273549 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Summa de arithmetica, geometria, proportioni et proportionalità | Statement: [Luca Pacioli, notableWork, Summa de arithmetica, geometria, proportioni et proportionalità]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Summa de arithmetica, geometria, proportioni et proportionalità
Context triple: [Luca Pacioli, notableWork, Summa de arithmetica, geometria, proportioni et proportionalità]
  • A. De institutione arithmetica
    De institutione arithmetica is a foundational late antique Latin treatise on arithmetic that transmitted and systematized ancient Greek number theory for the medieval West.
  • B. Arithmeticæ et Geometriæ Practicæ Methodus Facilissima
    Arithmeticæ et Geometriæ Practicæ Methodus Facilissima is a mathematical treatise by Adriaan Metius that presents practical methods for arithmetic and geometry, aimed at making their application easier and more accessible.
  • C. Practica Geometriae
    Practica Geometriae is a 13th-century mathematical treatise by Leonardo Fibonacci that systematically presents practical and theoretical geometry for use in surveying, measurement, and commerce.
  • D. De triangulis omnimodis
    De triangulis omnimodis is a foundational 15th-century mathematical treatise by Regiomontanus that systematically develops plane and spherical trigonometry.
  • E. Liber Quadratorum
    Liber Quadratorum is a 13th-century mathematical treatise by Leonardo Fibonacci that focuses on number theory, particularly problems involving squares and Diophantine equations.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Summa de arithmetica, geometria, proportioni et proportionalità
Triple: [Luca Pacioli, notableWork, Summa de arithmetica, geometria, proportioni et proportionalità]
Generated description
Summa de arithmetica, geometria, proportioni et proportionalità is a landmark 1494 mathematics treatise by Luca Pacioli that systematized arithmetic, algebra, and geometry and contained the first published description of double-entry bookkeeping.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Summa de arithmetica, geometria, proportioni et proportionalità
Target entity description: Summa de arithmetica, geometria, proportioni et proportionalità is a landmark 1494 mathematics treatise by Luca Pacioli that systematized arithmetic, algebra, and geometry and contained the first published description of double-entry bookkeeping.
  • A. De institutione arithmetica
    De institutione arithmetica is a foundational late antique Latin treatise on arithmetic that transmitted and systematized ancient Greek number theory for the medieval West.
  • B. Arithmeticæ et Geometriæ Practicæ Methodus Facilissima
    Arithmeticæ et Geometriæ Practicæ Methodus Facilissima is a mathematical treatise by Adriaan Metius that presents practical methods for arithmetic and geometry, aimed at making their application easier and more accessible.
  • C. Practica Geometriae
    Practica Geometriae is a 13th-century mathematical treatise by Leonardo Fibonacci that systematically presents practical and theoretical geometry for use in surveying, measurement, and commerce.
  • D. De triangulis omnimodis
    De triangulis omnimodis is a foundational 15th-century mathematical treatise by Regiomontanus that systematically develops plane and spherical trigonometry.
  • E. Liber Quadratorum
    Liber Quadratorum is a 13th-century mathematical treatise by Leonardo Fibonacci that focuses on number theory, particularly problems involving squares and Diophantine equations.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69d889de677081909b22d2657b1f0292 completed April 10, 2026, 5:25 a.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69e45367d68c819097f300381322f11d completed April 19, 2026, 4 a.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_6a01c9494c28819086d10adb536ffed8 completed May 11, 2026, 12:19 p.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_6a01ca2927f081908856b2d206776e44 completed May 11, 2026, 12:23 p.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_6a01caa5d0c8819085dea57b00c498e0 completed May 11, 2026, 12:25 p.m.
Created at: April 10, 2026, 5:49 a.m.