Triple
T17105151
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | Hendrik Anthony Kramers |
E415079
|
entity |
| Predicate | knownFor |
P22
|
FINISHED |
| Object | Kramers theorem in quantum mechanics |
E415082
|
NE FINISHED |
How this triple was built (2 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Kramers theorem in quantum mechanics | Statement: [Hendrik Anthony Kramers, knownFor, Kramers theorem in quantum mechanics]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Kramers theorem in quantum mechanics Context triple: [Hendrik Anthony Kramers, knownFor, Kramers theorem in quantum mechanics]
-
A.
Kramers turnover theory
Kramers turnover theory is a foundational concept in chemical physics that describes how reaction rates depend on friction or solvent viscosity, predicting a maximum (turnover) as friction varies.
-
B.
Kramers degeneracy
chosen
Kramers degeneracy is a quantum mechanical principle stating that in systems with time-reversal symmetry and half-integer spin, every energy level is at least doubly degenerate.
-
C.
Rayleigh–Schrödinger perturbation theory
Rayleigh–Schrödinger perturbation theory is a fundamental method in quantum mechanics for approximating the energies and states of a system by treating interactions as small corrections to an exactly solvable problem.
-
D.
Kramers–Heisenberg dispersion formula
The Kramers–Heisenberg dispersion formula is a fundamental quantum mechanical expression that describes how light is scattered by atoms and molecules, forming the basis for understanding phenomena such as Raman scattering and resonant inelastic X-ray scattering.
-
E.
Landau–Zener formula
The Landau–Zener formula is a quantum mechanical result that gives the probability of non-adiabatic transitions between energy levels during an avoided crossing when a system’s parameters are varied in time.
- F. None of above.
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
Provenance (3 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69d886cfc8e88190b05ba466edd35591 |
completed | April 10, 2026, 5:12 a.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69e3dc2683fc81908af2df9012addecb |
completed | April 18, 2026, 7:31 p.m. |
| NED1 | Entity disambiguation (via context triple) | batch_6a0139ffbe808190a24e827331ee4a6c |
completed | May 11, 2026, 2:07 a.m. |
Created at: April 10, 2026, 5:35 a.m.