Triple

T17014128
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Nation E412773 entity
Predicate hasNotableBearer P458 FINISHED
Object Paul Nation (applied linguist)
Paul Nation is a prominent applied linguist known for his influential research on vocabulary acquisition, language teaching methodology, and second language reading.
E1247063 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Paul Nation (applied linguist) | Statement: [Nation, hasNotableBearer, Paul Nation (applied linguist)]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Paul Nation (applied linguist)
Context triple: [Nation, hasNotableBearer, Paul Nation (applied linguist)]
  • A. Peter Roach
    Peter Roach is a British phonetician and pronunciation expert known for his influential work on English phonetics and his role in updating major pronunciation dictionaries.
  • B. linguist Paul Kerswill
    Paul Kerswill is a British sociolinguist known for his influential research on language variation and change in urban settings, particularly among youth in London.
  • C. Geoffrey Pullum
    Geoffrey Pullum is a British-American linguist and professor known for his influential work in syntax, his co-authorship of *The Cambridge Grammar of the English Language*, and his outspoken critiques of various generative grammar theories.
  • D. linguist David Mead
    David Mead is a linguist specializing in Austronesian languages, particularly the Celebic subgroup, with notable work in historical and comparative linguistics.
  • E. Paul Kiparsky
    Paul Kiparsky is a prominent linguist known for his influential work in generative phonology and historical linguistics.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Paul Nation (applied linguist)
Triple: [Nation, hasNotableBearer, Paul Nation (applied linguist)]
Generated description
Paul Nation is a prominent applied linguist known for his influential research on vocabulary acquisition, language teaching methodology, and second language reading.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Paul Nation (applied linguist)
Target entity description: Paul Nation is a prominent applied linguist known for his influential research on vocabulary acquisition, language teaching methodology, and second language reading.
  • A. Peter Roach
    Peter Roach is a British phonetician and pronunciation expert known for his influential work on English phonetics and his role in updating major pronunciation dictionaries.
  • B. linguist Paul Kerswill
    Paul Kerswill is a British sociolinguist known for his influential research on language variation and change in urban settings, particularly among youth in London.
  • C. Geoffrey Pullum
    Geoffrey Pullum is a British-American linguist and professor known for his influential work in syntax, his co-authorship of *The Cambridge Grammar of the English Language*, and his outspoken critiques of various generative grammar theories.
  • D. linguist David Mead
    David Mead is a linguist specializing in Austronesian languages, particularly the Celebic subgroup, with notable work in historical and comparative linguistics.
  • E. Paul Kiparsky
    Paul Kiparsky is a prominent linguist known for his influential work in generative phonology and historical linguistics.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69d886cc4170819093deddc7b8b4b6a7 completed April 10, 2026, 5:12 a.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69e3d47e64f081908f43870c7564d0ae completed April 18, 2026, 6:59 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_6a011b4990948190861ff81f8fc3e8f2 completed May 10, 2026, 11:56 p.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_6a011cc1afc48190b83e3203407c1d7f completed May 11, 2026, 12:03 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_6a011d67c82c8190b737406e8952eb2b completed May 11, 2026, 12:05 a.m.
Created at: April 10, 2026, 5:33 a.m.