Triple

T16744677
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Theophano E406920 entity
Predicate predecessorAsEmpressConsort P15468 FINISHED
Object Theophano (wife of Romanos II) – none, she followed Helena Lekapene as senior empress
Theophano, wife of Romanos II, was a 10th-century Byzantine empress of humble origins who rose to power through marriage and political acumen, becoming a central figure in imperial court intrigues and succession.
E1232743 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Theophano (wife of Romanos II) – none, she followed Helena Lekapene as senior empress | Statement: [Theophano, predecessorAsEmpressConsort, Theophano (wife of Romanos II) – none, she followed Helena Lekapene as senior empress]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Theophano (wife of Romanos II) – none, she followed Helena Lekapene as senior empress
Context triple: [Theophano, predecessorAsEmpressConsort, Theophano (wife of Romanos II) – none, she followed Helena Lekapene as senior empress]
  • A. Epiphania (daughter of Heraclius and Martina)
    Epiphania was a Byzantine princess of the 7th century, the daughter of Emperor Heraclius and his second wife Martina.
  • B. Theodora (mother of Constantine IX Monomachos)
    Theodora was a Byzantine noblewoman of the 10th century, best known as the mother of Emperor Constantine IX Monomachos of the Byzantine Empire.
  • C. Theodora (stepdaughter of Constantine the Great)
    Theodora was a Roman noblewoman of the early 4th century, traditionally regarded as the first wife of Emperor Constantius Chlorus and thus a member of the Constantinian imperial family.
  • D. Helena (wife of Constantine VIII)
    Helena was a Byzantine empress consort, known primarily as the wife of Emperor Constantine VIII of the Byzantine Empire.
  • E. Flavia Theodora (daughter of Constantius Chlorus)
    Flavia Theodora was a Roman noblewoman of the late 3rd and early 4th centuries, known primarily as the daughter of Emperor Constantius Chlorus and a member of the Constantinian imperial family.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Theophano (wife of Romanos II) – none, she followed Helena Lekapene as senior empress
Triple: [Theophano, predecessorAsEmpressConsort, Theophano (wife of Romanos II) – none, she followed Helena Lekapene as senior empress]
Generated description
Theophano, wife of Romanos II, was a 10th-century Byzantine empress of humble origins who rose to power through marriage and political acumen, becoming a central figure in imperial court intrigues and succession.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Theophano (wife of Romanos II) – none, she followed Helena Lekapene as senior empress
Target entity description: Theophano, wife of Romanos II, was a 10th-century Byzantine empress of humble origins who rose to power through marriage and political acumen, becoming a central figure in imperial court intrigues and succession.
  • A. Epiphania (daughter of Heraclius and Martina)
    Epiphania was a Byzantine princess of the 7th century, the daughter of Emperor Heraclius and his second wife Martina.
  • B. Theodora (mother of Constantine IX Monomachos)
    Theodora was a Byzantine noblewoman of the 10th century, best known as the mother of Emperor Constantine IX Monomachos of the Byzantine Empire.
  • C. Theodora (stepdaughter of Constantine the Great)
    Theodora was a Roman noblewoman of the early 4th century, traditionally regarded as the first wife of Emperor Constantius Chlorus and thus a member of the Constantinian imperial family.
  • D. Helena (wife of Constantine VIII)
    Helena was a Byzantine empress consort, known primarily as the wife of Emperor Constantine VIII of the Byzantine Empire.
  • E. Flavia Theodora (daughter of Constantius Chlorus)
    Flavia Theodora was a Roman noblewoman of the late 3rd and early 4th centuries, known primarily as the daughter of Emperor Constantius Chlorus and a member of the Constantinian imperial family.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69d8838ffb088190a0b11149929006bf completed April 10, 2026, 4:58 a.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69e3aa210ef88190be74bd60d7144953 completed April 18, 2026, 3:58 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_6a00a51e69c08190a5bff74823df430c completed May 10, 2026, 3:32 p.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_6a00a782502c819086c07dbcfc1b46eb completed May 10, 2026, 3:42 p.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_6a00a7e3725c81909afbf1abb4eb317b completed May 10, 2026, 3:44 p.m.
Created at: April 10, 2026, 5:21 a.m.