Triple

T16637341
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Mind E404242 entity
Predicate hasNotablePaper P61425 FINISHED
Object “The Epistemology of Testimony” by C. A. J. Coady
“The Epistemology of Testimony” by C. A. J. Coady is a highly influential philosophical paper that systematically defends the epistemic legitimacy of relying on others’ reports as a fundamental source of knowledge.
 E1224483 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: “The Epistemology of Testimony” by C. A. J. Coady | Statement: [Mind, hasNotablePaper, “The Epistemology of Testimony” by C. A. J. Coady]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07 
Target entity: “The Epistemology of Testimony” by C. A. J. Coady
Context triple: [Mind, hasNotablePaper, “The Epistemology of Testimony” by C. A. J. Coady]
  • A. Epistemic Justification
    Epistemic Justification is a work in philosophy that examines how and when beliefs are rationally supported by evidence and reasoning.
  • B. Toulmin model of argumentation
    The Toulmin model of argumentation is a framework for analyzing and constructing arguments by breaking them into components such as claim, data, warrant, backing, qualifier, and rebuttal.
  • C. The Problem of Knowledge
    The Problem of Knowledge is a major philosophical work by Ernst Cassirer that examines the historical development and foundations of human knowledge from the Renaissance to modern science.
  • D. The Problem of Knowledge
    The Problem of Knowledge is a 1956 philosophical work by A. J. Ayer that critically examines the nature, limits, and justification of human knowledge within the analytic tradition.
  • E. The Foundations of Empirical Knowledge
    The Foundations of Empirical Knowledge is a 1940 philosophical work by A. J. Ayer that defends logical empiricism by critically examining sense-data theories and the justification of empirical beliefs.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: “The Epistemology of Testimony” by C. A. J. Coady
Triple: [Mind, hasNotablePaper, “The Epistemology of Testimony” by C. A. J. Coady]
Generated description
“The Epistemology of Testimony” by C. A. J. Coady is a highly influential philosophical paper that systematically defends the epistemic legitimacy of relying on others’ reports as a fundamental source of knowledge.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07 
Target entity: “The Epistemology of Testimony” by C. A. J. Coady
Target entity description: “The Epistemology of Testimony” by C. A. J. Coady is a highly influential philosophical paper that systematically defends the epistemic legitimacy of relying on others’ reports as a fundamental source of knowledge.
  • A. Epistemic Justification
    Epistemic Justification is a work in philosophy that examines how and when beliefs are rationally supported by evidence and reasoning.
  • B. Toulmin model of argumentation
    The Toulmin model of argumentation is a framework for analyzing and constructing arguments by breaking them into components such as claim, data, warrant, backing, qualifier, and rebuttal.
  • C. The Problem of Knowledge
    The Problem of Knowledge is a major philosophical work by Ernst Cassirer that examines the historical development and foundations of human knowledge from the Renaissance to modern science.
  • D. The Problem of Knowledge
    The Problem of Knowledge is a 1956 philosophical work by A. J. Ayer that critically examines the nature, limits, and justification of human knowledge within the analytic tradition.
  • E. The Foundations of Empirical Knowledge
    The Foundations of Empirical Knowledge is a 1940 philosophical work by A. J. Ayer that defends logical empiricism by critically examining sense-data theories and the justification of empirical beliefs.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69d8838a41f08190b0c3f79c47df5078 completed April 10, 2026, 4:58 a.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69e378ea4b848190bf7c95dad8a855f0 completed April 18, 2026, 12:28 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_6a007dc28df48190b01c1328df24df60 completed May 10, 2026, 12:44 p.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_6a007e8cff9881908c6b86da38fc2f08 completed May 10, 2026, 12:48 p.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_6a007f53918481908d84ecf50a562266 completed May 10, 2026, 12:51 p.m.
Created at: April 10, 2026, 5:18 a.m.