Triple
T16574496
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | Larmor formula |
E402674
|
entity |
| Predicate | relatedTo |
P37
|
FINISHED |
| Object |
Liénard formula
The Liénard formula is a relativistic generalization of the Larmor formula that gives the power radiated by an accelerating charged particle moving at arbitrary velocity.
|
E1221199
|
NE FINISHED |
How this triple was built (4 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Liénard formula | Statement: [Larmor formula, relatedTo, Liénard formula]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Liénard formula Context triple: [Larmor formula, relatedTo, Liénard formula]
-
A.
Liouville equation
The Liouville equation is a fundamental differential equation in statistical mechanics and Hamiltonian dynamics that governs the time evolution of a system’s phase-space probability density.
-
B.
d’Alembert’s formula
d’Alembert’s formula is a classical solution method for the one-dimensional wave equation that expresses the displacement of a vibrating string in terms of its initial shape and velocity.
-
C.
Lagrange’s variation of parameters method
Lagrange’s variation of parameters method is a classical analytical technique in celestial mechanics and differential equations that determines how orbital or system parameters evolve over time under perturbing forces.
-
D.
Dyson’s formula
Dyson’s formula is a key expression in quantum field theory that provides the perturbative expansion of time-ordered exponentials, forming the basis of the Dyson series used to compute interaction effects.
-
E.
Volterra series
The Volterra series is a mathematical framework that generalizes the Taylor series to model nonlinear and time-varying systems, widely used in physics, engineering, and signal processing.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg
Description generation
gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. # Instructions Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential. # Response Format Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Liénard formula Triple: [Larmor formula, relatedTo, Liénard formula]
Generated description
The Liénard formula is a relativistic generalization of the Larmor formula that gives the power radiated by an accelerating charged particle moving at arbitrary velocity.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Liénard formula Target entity description: The Liénard formula is a relativistic generalization of the Larmor formula that gives the power radiated by an accelerating charged particle moving at arbitrary velocity.
-
A.
Liouville equation
The Liouville equation is a fundamental differential equation in statistical mechanics and Hamiltonian dynamics that governs the time evolution of a system’s phase-space probability density.
-
B.
d’Alembert’s formula
d’Alembert’s formula is a classical solution method for the one-dimensional wave equation that expresses the displacement of a vibrating string in terms of its initial shape and velocity.
-
C.
Lagrange’s variation of parameters method
Lagrange’s variation of parameters method is a classical analytical technique in celestial mechanics and differential equations that determines how orbital or system parameters evolve over time under perturbing forces.
-
D.
Dyson’s formula
Dyson’s formula is a key expression in quantum field theory that provides the perturbative expansion of time-ordered exponentials, forming the basis of the Dyson series used to compute interaction effects.
-
E.
Volterra series
The Volterra series is a mathematical framework that generalizes the Taylor series to model nonlinear and time-varying systems, widely used in physics, engineering, and signal processing.
- F. None of above. chosen
Provenance (5 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69d88387363c8190a97a0c942130de97 |
completed | April 10, 2026, 4:58 a.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69e3595bbbbc8190b023f4872908c031 |
completed | April 18, 2026, 10:13 a.m. |
| NED1 | Entity disambiguation (via context triple) | batch_6a006eea409c8190808170a0b3f4bd17 |
completed | May 10, 2026, 11:41 a.m. |
| NEDg | Description generation | batch_6a006f7ca0dc8190a75d84d9ffbf83e0 |
completed | May 10, 2026, 11:43 a.m. |
| NED2 | Entity disambiguation (via description) | batch_6a00705453c081909e8401024e92b5aa |
completed | May 10, 2026, 11:47 a.m. |
Created at: April 10, 2026, 5:16 a.m.