Triple

T1615007
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Walther Nernst E34696 entity
Predicate notableWork P4 FINISHED
Object third law of thermodynamics
The third law of thermodynamics is a fundamental principle stating that the entropy of a perfect crystal approaches zero as its temperature approaches absolute zero, forming a basis for absolute entropy measurements and low-temperature physics.
E183516 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: third law of thermodynamics | Statement: [Walther Nernst, notableWork, third law of thermodynamics]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: third law of thermodynamics
Context triple: [Walther Nernst, notableWork, third law of thermodynamics]
  • A. Sackur–Tetrode equation
    The Sackur–Tetrode equation is a fundamental formula in statistical mechanics that gives the absolute entropy of an ideal monatomic gas in terms of its volume, temperature, and particle number.
  • B. Landauer's principle
    Landauer's principle is a foundational concept in thermodynamics and information theory stating that erasing one bit of information in a computational process necessarily dissipates a minimum amount of heat, linking information processing to physical entropy.
  • C. Carathéodory’s formulation of the second law of thermodynamics
    Carathéodory’s formulation of the second law of thermodynamics is a mathematically rigorous restatement of the second law based on the inaccessibility of certain thermodynamic states, providing a foundation for the concept of entropy without relying on cyclic processes or heat engines.
  • D. Kirchhoff's law of thermal radiation
    Kirchhoff's law of thermal radiation is a fundamental principle in thermodynamics stating that, for a body in thermal equilibrium, its emissivity equals its absorptivity at each wavelength.
  • E. Boltzmann constant
    The Boltzmann constant is a fundamental physical constant that links temperature to energy at the particle level, playing a central role in statistical mechanics and thermodynamics.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: third law of thermodynamics
Triple: [Walther Nernst, notableWork, third law of thermodynamics]
Generated description
The third law of thermodynamics is a fundamental principle stating that the entropy of a perfect crystal approaches zero as its temperature approaches absolute zero, forming a basis for absolute entropy measurements and low-temperature physics.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: third law of thermodynamics
Target entity description: The third law of thermodynamics is a fundamental principle stating that the entropy of a perfect crystal approaches zero as its temperature approaches absolute zero, forming a basis for absolute entropy measurements and low-temperature physics.
  • A. Sackur–Tetrode equation
    The Sackur–Tetrode equation is a fundamental formula in statistical mechanics that gives the absolute entropy of an ideal monatomic gas in terms of its volume, temperature, and particle number.
  • B. Landauer's principle
    Landauer's principle is a foundational concept in thermodynamics and information theory stating that erasing one bit of information in a computational process necessarily dissipates a minimum amount of heat, linking information processing to physical entropy.
  • C. Carathéodory’s formulation of the second law of thermodynamics
    Carathéodory’s formulation of the second law of thermodynamics is a mathematically rigorous restatement of the second law based on the inaccessibility of certain thermodynamic states, providing a foundation for the concept of entropy without relying on cyclic processes or heat engines.
  • D. Kirchhoff's law of thermal radiation
    Kirchhoff's law of thermal radiation is a fundamental principle in thermodynamics stating that, for a body in thermal equilibrium, its emissivity equals its absorptivity at each wavelength.
  • E. Boltzmann constant
    The Boltzmann constant is a fundamental physical constant that links temperature to energy at the particle level, playing a central role in statistical mechanics and thermodynamics.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69a885ffc5ec819091afa325d5f9611c completed March 4, 2026, 7:20 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69a9098f384c81909ef836ee779466e2 completed March 5, 2026, 4:41 a.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69ad51ca2bc48190abb83f4d84782334 completed March 8, 2026, 10:39 a.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69ad55d41c048190a2d85dc19bc56242 completed March 8, 2026, 10:56 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69ad564aed808190a58dbf3a84780255 completed March 8, 2026, 10:58 a.m.
Created at: March 4, 2026, 7:28 p.m.