Triple

T1614439
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Robert Kraichnan E34682 entity
Predicate hasNotableConcept P531 FINISHED
Object Lagrangian-history direct interaction approximation (LHDIA)
Lagrangian-history direct interaction approximation (LHDIA) is a turbulence theory framework that models fluid particle dynamics by tracking their Lagrangian histories to more accurately capture nonlinear interactions and temporal correlations in turbulent flows.
E183471 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Lagrangian-history direct interaction approximation (LHDIA) | Statement: [Robert Kraichnan, hasNotableConcept, Lagrangian-history direct interaction approximation (LHDIA)]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Lagrangian-history direct interaction approximation (LHDIA)
Context triple: [Robert Kraichnan, hasNotableConcept, Lagrangian-history direct interaction approximation (LHDIA)]
  • A. Herzberg–Teller approximation
    The Herzberg–Teller approximation is a refinement in molecular spectroscopy that accounts for vibronic coupling by allowing electronic transition dipole moments to depend on nuclear coordinates, explaining intensity in otherwise forbidden transitions.
  • B. Bethe–Salpeter equation
    The Bethe–Salpeter equation is a relativistic quantum field theory equation that describes bound states of two interacting particles, such as electron–hole pairs in quantum electrodynamics.
  • C. Onsager–Machlup function
    The Onsager–Machlup function is a functional in stochastic process theory that characterizes the most probable paths of fluctuating systems, playing a key role in nonequilibrium statistical mechanics and large deviation theory.
  • D. Feshbach projection formalism
    The Feshbach projection formalism is a quantum mechanical method that partitions a system’s Hilbert space into subspaces to derive effective Hamiltonians and describe interactions with continua or eliminated degrees of freedom.
  • E. Brillouin–Wigner perturbation theory
    Brillouin–Wigner perturbation theory is a formulation of quantum mechanical perturbation theory that uses an energy-dependent effective Hamiltonian to obtain improved approximations to eigenvalues and eigenstates.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Lagrangian-history direct interaction approximation (LHDIA)
Triple: [Robert Kraichnan, hasNotableConcept, Lagrangian-history direct interaction approximation (LHDIA)]
Generated description
Lagrangian-history direct interaction approximation (LHDIA) is a turbulence theory framework that models fluid particle dynamics by tracking their Lagrangian histories to more accurately capture nonlinear interactions and temporal correlations in turbulent flows.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Lagrangian-history direct interaction approximation (LHDIA)
Target entity description: Lagrangian-history direct interaction approximation (LHDIA) is a turbulence theory framework that models fluid particle dynamics by tracking their Lagrangian histories to more accurately capture nonlinear interactions and temporal correlations in turbulent flows.
  • A. Herzberg–Teller approximation
    The Herzberg–Teller approximation is a refinement in molecular spectroscopy that accounts for vibronic coupling by allowing electronic transition dipole moments to depend on nuclear coordinates, explaining intensity in otherwise forbidden transitions.
  • B. Bethe–Salpeter equation
    The Bethe–Salpeter equation is a relativistic quantum field theory equation that describes bound states of two interacting particles, such as electron–hole pairs in quantum electrodynamics.
  • C. Onsager–Machlup function
    The Onsager–Machlup function is a functional in stochastic process theory that characterizes the most probable paths of fluctuating systems, playing a key role in nonequilibrium statistical mechanics and large deviation theory.
  • D. Feshbach projection formalism
    The Feshbach projection formalism is a quantum mechanical method that partitions a system’s Hilbert space into subspaces to derive effective Hamiltonians and describe interactions with continua or eliminated degrees of freedom.
  • E. Brillouin–Wigner perturbation theory
    Brillouin–Wigner perturbation theory is a formulation of quantum mechanical perturbation theory that uses an energy-dependent effective Hamiltonian to obtain improved approximations to eigenvalues and eigenstates.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69a885ffc5ec819091afa325d5f9611c completed March 4, 2026, 7:20 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69a9098f384c81909ef836ee779466e2 completed March 5, 2026, 4:41 a.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69ad51ca2bc48190abb83f4d84782334 completed March 8, 2026, 10:39 a.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69ad55d41c048190a2d85dc19bc56242 completed March 8, 2026, 10:56 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69ad564aed808190a58dbf3a84780255 completed March 8, 2026, 10:58 a.m.
Created at: March 4, 2026, 7:28 p.m.