Triple

T156433
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Columbian Exchange E3190 entity
Predicate coinedBy P118 FINISHED
Object Alfred W. Crosby
Alfred W. Crosby was an American environmental historian whose influential work on ecological and cultural consequences of European expansion helped establish the field of environmental history.
E25254 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Alfred W. Crosby | Statement: [Columbian Exchange, coinedBy, Alfred W. Crosby]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Alfred W. Crosby
Context triple: [Columbian Exchange, coinedBy, Alfred W. Crosby]
  • A. J. O. Taylor
    J. O. Taylor was a cinematographer active during early Hollywood who worked on the landmark 1933 monster film "King Kong."
  • B. Alfred Marston Tozzer
    Alfred Marston Tozzer was an American anthropologist and archaeologist known for his pioneering work on Mayan civilization and his long association with Harvard University.
  • C. Jared Diamond
    Jared Diamond is an American geographer, historian, and author best known for his influential, interdisciplinary books on human societies, including the Pulitzer Prize–winning "Guns, Germs, and Steel."
  • D. Bartlett S. Durham
    Bartlett S. Durham was a 19th-century physician and landowner whose donated land for a railroad depot led to the founding and naming of the city of Durham, North Carolina.
  • E. Frank B. Jewett
    Frank B. Jewett was an American electrical engineer and physicist who served as the first president of Bell Telephone Laboratories and played a major role in organizing U.S. scientific research during World War II.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Alfred W. Crosby
Triple: [Columbian Exchange, coinedBy, Alfred W. Crosby]
Generated description
Alfred W. Crosby was an American environmental historian whose influential work on ecological and cultural consequences of European expansion helped establish the field of environmental history.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Alfred W. Crosby
Target entity description: Alfred W. Crosby was an American environmental historian whose influential work on ecological and cultural consequences of European expansion helped establish the field of environmental history.
  • A. J. O. Taylor
    J. O. Taylor was a cinematographer active during early Hollywood who worked on the landmark 1933 monster film "King Kong."
  • B. Alfred Marston Tozzer
    Alfred Marston Tozzer was an American anthropologist and archaeologist known for his pioneering work on Mayan civilization and his long association with Harvard University.
  • C. Jared Diamond
    Jared Diamond is an American geographer, historian, and author best known for his influential, interdisciplinary books on human societies, including the Pulitzer Prize–winning "Guns, Germs, and Steel."
  • D. Bartlett S. Durham
    Bartlett S. Durham was a 19th-century physician and landowner whose donated land for a railroad depot led to the founding and naming of the city of Durham, North Carolina.
  • E. Frank B. Jewett
    Frank B. Jewett was an American electrical engineer and physicist who served as the first president of Bell Telephone Laboratories and played a major role in organizing U.S. scientific research during World War II.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69a2527757ec819090b8becb2cf1a862 completed Feb. 28, 2026, 2:27 a.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69a25830136881909f5ecb2cb22097b2 completed Feb. 28, 2026, 2:51 a.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69a31c8fe0ec81908e96c597c5f949b7 completed Feb. 28, 2026, 4:49 p.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69a31d1be0d88190856eab1d0882adb8 completed Feb. 28, 2026, 4:51 p.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69a31d7606d08190868f6f14399e8c73 completed Feb. 28, 2026, 4:53 p.m.
Created at: Feb. 28, 2026, 2:31 a.m.