Triple

T14873447
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Brushaber v. Union Pacific Railroad Co. E349807 entity
Predicate plaintiff P660 FINISHED
Object Frank R. Brushaber
Frank R. Brushaber was the taxpayer and litigant whose U.S. Supreme Court case, Brushaber v. Union Pacific Railroad Co. (1916), helped establish the constitutionality of the federal income tax under the Sixteenth Amendment.
E1134498 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Frank R. Brushaber | Statement: [Brushaber v. Union Pacific Railroad Co., plaintiff, Frank R. Brushaber]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Frank R. Brushaber
Context triple: [Brushaber v. Union Pacific Railroad Co., plaintiff, Frank R. Brushaber]
  • A. Warren K. Blodgett
    Warren K. Blodgett is an individual notable enough to be recognized as a namesake or prominent bearer of the surname Blodgett.
  • B. Ferdinand L. Barnett
    Ferdinand L. Barnett was an African American lawyer, journalist, and civil rights activist in Chicago who founded the influential black newspaper The Conservator and worked prominently for racial justice in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.
  • C. Frank V. DuMond
    Frank V. DuMond was an American painter and influential art instructor associated with the Art Students League of New York, known for his landscapes, portraits, and role in training many prominent artists.
  • D. Franklin M. Fisher
    Franklin M. Fisher was an influential American economist known for his work in econometrics, industrial organization, and antitrust economics, and for his long tenure as a professor at MIT.
  • E. George N. Humphrey
    George N. Humphrey was an American businessman and U.S. Secretary of the Treasury under President Dwight D. Eisenhower, known for shaping and promoting the administration’s fiscally conservative “Modern Republican” economic policies.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Frank R. Brushaber
Triple: [Brushaber v. Union Pacific Railroad Co., plaintiff, Frank R. Brushaber]
Generated description
Frank R. Brushaber was the taxpayer and litigant whose U.S. Supreme Court case, Brushaber v. Union Pacific Railroad Co. (1916), helped establish the constitutionality of the federal income tax under the Sixteenth Amendment.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Frank R. Brushaber
Target entity description: Frank R. Brushaber was the taxpayer and litigant whose U.S. Supreme Court case, Brushaber v. Union Pacific Railroad Co. (1916), helped establish the constitutionality of the federal income tax under the Sixteenth Amendment.
  • A. Warren K. Blodgett
    Warren K. Blodgett is an individual notable enough to be recognized as a namesake or prominent bearer of the surname Blodgett.
  • B. Ferdinand L. Barnett
    Ferdinand L. Barnett was an African American lawyer, journalist, and civil rights activist in Chicago who founded the influential black newspaper The Conservator and worked prominently for racial justice in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.
  • C. Frank V. DuMond
    Frank V. DuMond was an American painter and influential art instructor associated with the Art Students League of New York, known for his landscapes, portraits, and role in training many prominent artists.
  • D. Franklin M. Fisher
    Franklin M. Fisher was an influential American economist known for his work in econometrics, industrial organization, and antitrust economics, and for his long tenure as a professor at MIT.
  • E. George N. Humphrey
    George N. Humphrey was an American businessman and U.S. Secretary of the Treasury under President Dwight D. Eisenhower, known for shaping and promoting the administration’s fiscally conservative “Modern Republican” economic policies.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69d822ee4f408190b6ac3b2fa434f0df completed April 9, 2026, 10:06 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69ded5e2c94c8190a16f05ea81701fc1 completed April 15, 2026, 12:03 a.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69fea5a421e88190a7cd359209ae2818 completed May 9, 2026, 3:10 a.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69fea694090c8190a449725dcdd3a37b completed May 9, 2026, 3:14 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69fea76e2ff8819099acea30c49bd5ed completed May 9, 2026, 3:18 a.m.
Created at: April 10, 2026, 1:55 a.m.