Triple
T1478685
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | Peter Kapitza |
E30900
|
entity |
| Predicate | knownFor |
P22
|
FINISHED |
| Object |
Kapitza–Dirac effect
The Kapitza–Dirac effect is a quantum phenomenon in which a beam of particles, such as electrons or atoms, is diffracted by a standing wave of light, demonstrating the wave-particle duality of matter.
|
E168971
|
NE FINISHED |
How this triple was built (4 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Kapitza–Dirac effect | Statement: [Peter Kapitza, knownFor, Kapitza–Dirac effect]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Kapitza–Dirac effect Context triple: [Peter Kapitza, knownFor, Kapitza–Dirac effect]
-
A.
Szilard–Chalmers effect
The Szilard–Chalmers effect is a nuclear chemistry phenomenon in which atoms that undergo neutron capture and become radioactive are chemically separated from their original, non-activated atoms due to recoil-induced disruption of their chemical bonds.
-
B.
Poisson spot
Poisson spot is a bright point of light that appears at the center of the shadow of a circular object due to wave diffraction, providing striking evidence for the wave nature of light.
-
C.
Faraday effect
The Faraday effect is a magneto-optical phenomenon in which the polarization plane of light is rotated as it passes through a material under the influence of a magnetic field aligned with the direction of propagation.
-
D.
Unruh effect
The Unruh effect is a predicted phenomenon in quantum field theory where an accelerating observer perceives what inertial observers consider vacuum as a warm bath of particles with a characteristic temperature.
-
E.
Zeeman effect
The Zeeman effect is the splitting of atomic or molecular spectral lines into multiple components when subjected to an external magnetic field, revealing information about energy levels and magnetic moments.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg
Description generation
gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. # Instructions Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential. # Response Format Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Kapitza–Dirac effect Triple: [Peter Kapitza, knownFor, Kapitza–Dirac effect]
Generated description
The Kapitza–Dirac effect is a quantum phenomenon in which a beam of particles, such as electrons or atoms, is diffracted by a standing wave of light, demonstrating the wave-particle duality of matter.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Kapitza–Dirac effect Target entity description: The Kapitza–Dirac effect is a quantum phenomenon in which a beam of particles, such as electrons or atoms, is diffracted by a standing wave of light, demonstrating the wave-particle duality of matter.
-
A.
Szilard–Chalmers effect
The Szilard–Chalmers effect is a nuclear chemistry phenomenon in which atoms that undergo neutron capture and become radioactive are chemically separated from their original, non-activated atoms due to recoil-induced disruption of their chemical bonds.
-
B.
Poisson spot
Poisson spot is a bright point of light that appears at the center of the shadow of a circular object due to wave diffraction, providing striking evidence for the wave nature of light.
-
C.
Faraday effect
The Faraday effect is a magneto-optical phenomenon in which the polarization plane of light is rotated as it passes through a material under the influence of a magnetic field aligned with the direction of propagation.
-
D.
Unruh effect
The Unruh effect is a predicted phenomenon in quantum field theory where an accelerating observer perceives what inertial observers consider vacuum as a warm bath of particles with a characteristic temperature.
-
E.
Zeeman effect
The Zeeman effect is the splitting of atomic or molecular spectral lines into multiple components when subjected to an external magnetic field, revealing information about energy levels and magnetic moments.
- F. None of above. chosen
Provenance (5 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69a498fe55a88190ab7f9e40ace88e49 |
completed | March 1, 2026, 7:52 p.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69a4c6739d2481909ea8d8e075f62cf3 |
completed | March 1, 2026, 11:06 p.m. |
| NED1 | Entity disambiguation (via context triple) | batch_69ad15aff1288190a3e36324d975d482 |
completed | March 8, 2026, 6:22 a.m. |
| NEDg | Description generation | batch_69ad1639e21081908737b51e910ceae3 |
completed | March 8, 2026, 6:24 a.m. |
| NED2 | Entity disambiguation (via description) | batch_69ad16a98fd08190a14f4d7d6b11f5e8 |
completed | March 8, 2026, 6:26 a.m. |
Created at: March 1, 2026, 8:11 p.m.