Triple

T1448207
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Dennis Ritchie E31222 entity
Predicate coAuthorOf P2389 FINISHED
Object The C Programming Language
The C Programming Language is a classic programming book that introduced and defined the C language, serving as its authoritative reference and a foundational text in computer science.
E165161 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: The C Programming Language | Statement: [Dennis Ritchie, coAuthorOf, The C Programming Language]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: The C Programming Language
Context triple: [Dennis Ritchie, coAuthorOf, The C Programming Language]
  • A. Compilers: Principles, Techniques, and Tools
    Compilers: Principles, Techniques, and Tools is a foundational computer science textbook that systematically covers the theory and practice of compiler design and implementation.
  • B. Programming Pearls
    Programming Pearls is a classic computer science book by Jon Bentley that teaches practical problem-solving, algorithm design, and programming techniques through engaging essays and puzzles.
  • C. The Art of Computer Programming
    The Art of Computer Programming is Donald Knuth’s seminal multi-volume work that rigorously analyzes algorithms and data structures, widely regarded as one of the most influential and comprehensive texts in computer science.
  • D. The Art of Unix Programming
    The Art of Unix Programming is a book that explores the philosophy, design principles, and culture of Unix software development, emphasizing simplicity, modularity, and the Unix way.
  • E. Computer Lib / Dream Machines
    Computer Lib / Dream Machines is a pioneering 1974 book by Ted Nelson that passionately advocates for personal computing, hypertext, and user empowerment in the digital age.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: The C Programming Language
Triple: [Dennis Ritchie, coAuthorOf, The C Programming Language]
Generated description
The C Programming Language is a classic programming book that introduced and defined the C language, serving as its authoritative reference and a foundational text in computer science.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: The C Programming Language
Target entity description: The C Programming Language is a classic programming book that introduced and defined the C language, serving as its authoritative reference and a foundational text in computer science.
  • A. Compilers: Principles, Techniques, and Tools
    Compilers: Principles, Techniques, and Tools is a foundational computer science textbook that systematically covers the theory and practice of compiler design and implementation.
  • B. Programming Pearls
    Programming Pearls is a classic computer science book by Jon Bentley that teaches practical problem-solving, algorithm design, and programming techniques through engaging essays and puzzles.
  • C. The Art of Computer Programming
    The Art of Computer Programming is Donald Knuth’s seminal multi-volume work that rigorously analyzes algorithms and data structures, widely regarded as one of the most influential and comprehensive texts in computer science.
  • D. The Art of Unix Programming
    The Art of Unix Programming is a book that explores the philosophy, design principles, and culture of Unix software development, emphasizing simplicity, modularity, and the Unix way.
  • E. Computer Lib / Dream Machines
    Computer Lib / Dream Machines is a pioneering 1974 book by Ted Nelson that passionately advocates for personal computing, hypertext, and user empowerment in the digital age.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69a499171a28819085b993a3ac78e363 completed March 1, 2026, 7:52 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69a4c55aa7dc8190aa7452d80ec8305e completed March 1, 2026, 11:01 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69ad08c229808190af9936b481390170 completed March 8, 2026, 5:27 a.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69ad098f9fd0819094d9478881ca1a46 completed March 8, 2026, 5:30 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69ad0a6c7aa08190b21b00c03f04af27 completed March 8, 2026, 5:34 a.m.
Created at: March 1, 2026, 8 p.m.