Triple

T14341862
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Benjamin C. Pierce E355622 entity
Predicate isAuthorOf P29721 FINISHED
Object "Advanced Topics in Types and Programming Languages" E1095032 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (2 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: "Advanced Topics in Types and Programming Languages" | Statement: [Benjamin C. Pierce, isAuthorOf, "Advanced Topics in Types and Programming Languages"]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07 
Target entity: "Advanced Topics in Types and Programming Languages"
Context triple: [Benjamin C. Pierce, isAuthorOf, "Advanced Topics in Types and Programming Languages"]
  • A. "Advanced Topics in Types and Programming Languages" chosen
    "Advanced Topics in Types and Programming Languages" is a graduate-level computer science book that explores advanced concepts in type systems and their applications to programming language design and semantics.
  • B. "Types and Programming Languages"
    "Types and Programming Languages" is a widely acclaimed textbook that provides a rigorous, foundational introduction to type systems and programming language theory for computer science students and researchers.
  • C. “Linear Types Can Change the World!”
    “Linear Types Can Change the World!” is a seminal research paper in programming languages that advocates for the use of linear type systems to improve resource management, safety, and efficiency in software.
  • D. Types and Programming Languages (research contributions)
    Types and Programming Languages (research contributions) refers to Tobias Nipkow’s influential work advancing the theory and mechanization of type systems and programming language semantics, particularly through formal verification and theorem proving.
  • E. Hindley–Milner type system
    The Hindley–Milner type system is a classical polymorphic type system used in many functional programming languages, notable for enabling type inference without explicit type annotations.
  • F. None of above.
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.

Provenance (3 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69d8278fa2108190bc0d0e7939c1eb03 completed April 9, 2026, 10:26 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69de8e87febc8190a63c668cbd0fd713 completed April 14, 2026, 6:59 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69fd5bbb672c8190b25f7046500c56e2 completed May 8, 2026, 3:42 a.m.
Created at: April 10, 2026, 1:14 a.m.