Triple
T14341827
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | Benjamin C. Pierce |
E355622
|
entity |
| Predicate | notableWork |
P4
|
FINISHED |
| Object |
"Advanced Topics in Types and Programming Languages"
"Advanced Topics in Types and Programming Languages" is a graduate-level computer science book that explores advanced concepts in type systems and their applications to programming language design and semantics.
|
E1095032
|
NE FINISHED |
How this triple was built (4 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: "Advanced Topics in Types and Programming Languages" | Statement: [Benjamin C. Pierce, notableWork, "Advanced Topics in Types and Programming Languages"]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: "Advanced Topics in Types and Programming Languages" Context triple: [Benjamin C. Pierce, notableWork, "Advanced Topics in Types and Programming Languages"]
-
A.
"Types and Programming Languages"
"Types and Programming Languages" is a widely acclaimed textbook that provides a rigorous, foundational introduction to type systems and programming language theory for computer science students and researchers.
-
B.
“Linear Types Can Change the World!”
“Linear Types Can Change the World!” is a seminal research paper in programming languages that advocates for the use of linear type systems to improve resource management, safety, and efficiency in software.
-
C.
Types and Programming Languages (research contributions)
Types and Programming Languages (research contributions) refers to Tobias Nipkow’s influential work advancing the theory and mechanization of type systems and programming language semantics, particularly through formal verification and theorem proving.
-
D.
Hindley–Milner type system
The Hindley–Milner type system is a classical polymorphic type system used in many functional programming languages, notable for enabling type inference without explicit type annotations.
-
E.
textbook "Types and Programming Languages"
"Types and Programming Languages" is a widely used foundational textbook in computer science that systematically introduces type systems and their role in the design and analysis of programming languages.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg
Description generation
gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. # Instructions Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential. # Response Format Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: "Advanced Topics in Types and Programming Languages" Triple: [Benjamin C. Pierce, notableWork, "Advanced Topics in Types and Programming Languages"]
Generated description
"Advanced Topics in Types and Programming Languages" is a graduate-level computer science book that explores advanced concepts in type systems and their applications to programming language design and semantics.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: "Advanced Topics in Types and Programming Languages" Target entity description: "Advanced Topics in Types and Programming Languages" is a graduate-level computer science book that explores advanced concepts in type systems and their applications to programming language design and semantics.
-
A.
"Types and Programming Languages"
"Types and Programming Languages" is a widely acclaimed textbook that provides a rigorous, foundational introduction to type systems and programming language theory for computer science students and researchers.
-
B.
“Linear Types Can Change the World!”
“Linear Types Can Change the World!” is a seminal research paper in programming languages that advocates for the use of linear type systems to improve resource management, safety, and efficiency in software.
-
C.
Types and Programming Languages (research contributions)
Types and Programming Languages (research contributions) refers to Tobias Nipkow’s influential work advancing the theory and mechanization of type systems and programming language semantics, particularly through formal verification and theorem proving.
-
D.
Hindley–Milner type system
The Hindley–Milner type system is a classical polymorphic type system used in many functional programming languages, notable for enabling type inference without explicit type annotations.
-
E.
textbook "Types and Programming Languages"
"Types and Programming Languages" is a widely used foundational textbook in computer science that systematically introduces type systems and their role in the design and analysis of programming languages.
- F. None of above. chosen
Provenance (5 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69d8278fa2108190bc0d0e7939c1eb03 |
completed | April 9, 2026, 10:26 p.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69de8e87febc8190a63c668cbd0fd713 |
completed | April 14, 2026, 6:59 p.m. |
| NED1 | Entity disambiguation (via context triple) | batch_69fd4c3f81e881909f742d0442e99dd6 |
completed | May 8, 2026, 2:36 a.m. |
| NEDg | Description generation | batch_69fd4d422e1081909dd9759d0733dff2 |
completed | May 8, 2026, 2:41 a.m. |
| NED2 | Entity disambiguation (via description) | batch_69fd4dba394c8190ab1aa601b1acc88e |
completed | May 8, 2026, 2:43 a.m. |
Created at: April 10, 2026, 1:14 a.m.